README.adoc

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xu_Xiaodong | https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/徐晓冬

MMA fighter who beat up some kung-fu masters to prove that MMA is more effective than their traditional styles.

As of 2019, he had 14 Weibo accounts blocked (created one, got blocked, created another, got blocked, etc.). Source: https://www.inkstonenews.com/society/chinas-mma-fighter-xu-xiaodong-fight-survival/article/3047417

Profiles and news:

* 2020-01-28 https://www.inkstonenews.com/society/chinas-mma-fighter-xu-xiaodong-fight-survival/article/3047417

.Uphold science, eradicate superstition "崇尚科学 破除迷信" 1999 poster by the CCP created as an <<falun-gong,anti-Falun Gong>> propaganda likely based on a http://www.people.com.cn/GB/channel1/10/20000710/137317.html[more widely widespread slogan] (https://web.archive.org/web/20090428155413/http://www.people.com.cn/GB/channel1/10/20000710/137317.html[archive]). So why is Xiaodong not being supported by the CCP now that he is beating superstition back into its place? Once again, <<censorship-makes-countries-poorer>>. The poster features images related to the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_space_program[Chinese space program 中华人民共和国航天], which is a major undertaking of the CCP and widely used propaganda point. https://chineseposters.net/themes/falun-gong.php[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20191206090021im_/http://chineseposters.net/images/e13-891.jpg[height=600]

.1962 propaganda poster for the Chinese Space program. "Uphold science, eradicate superstition"? Nah, the moon is obviously populated by https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chang'e[Chang'e (嫦娥)], the Chinese Goddess of the moon, which is one of the names for the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Lunar_Exploration_Program[Chinese Lunar Exploration Program (中国探月工程,嫦娥工程)]. Other good https://chineseposters.net/themes/space-program.php[Chinese space program posters]. Also note the emphasis on making babies, the <<one-child-policy>> comes to mind. https://chineseposters.net/posters/e15-824.php[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20200131012103im_/https://chineseposters.net/images/e15-824.jpg[height=500]

.2017 Xu Xiaodong (MMA) Vs. Wei Lei (Tai Chi) summary GIF. https://www.inkstonenews.com/society/chinas-mma-fighter-xu-xiaodong-fight-survival/article/3047417[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20200201020038if_/https://cdn.i-scmp.com/sites/default/files/d8/images/2020/01/24/01.gif[height=400]

.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0XwXaCbfIGw 2017 Xu Xiaodong (MMA) Vs. Wei Lei (Tai Chi) full fight.
video::0XwXaCbfIGw[youtube,height=400,width=600]

[[programthink]]
=== Programthink 编程随想

Very popular Chinese language anonymous blogger that publishes software programming tutorials and political content since 2009, often negative about the CCP, in particular <<censorship,anti-censorship>> and <<brainwashed-by-usa,anti-CCP-brainwashing>>.

* https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/编程随想的博客 (there is no English page as of January 2020)
* https://program-think.blogspot.com/ The blog. Blocked in China with the rest of 
** 2020 categorized summary of the best posts of all time: https://program-think.blogspot.com/2020/01/11-years-blogging.html
* https://github.com/programthink
** https://github.com/programthink/zhao manually curated database of maps relationships between Chinese politicians, this was the first <<github-gov-takedowns,GitHub gov-takedown from china>>: https://github.com/github/gov-takedowns/blob/36e76c34682d2b52eef405ca6f57e1b9ddde3086/China/2016/2016-06-08-programthink-zhao.md
+
The full project name is: 太子党关系网络 (network of relations of https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princelings[CCP princelings]).
+
The project is also known as "zhao" which is another slang reference to "太子党": "赵家人" (zhaojiaren == zhao family): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhao_family | https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/趙家人zh, which is in turn a reference to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhao_(state) or https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Zhao[].
* https://twitter.com/programthink
* DW coverage (Chinese): https://www.dw.com/zh/2013德国之声国际博客大赛中文提名博客揭晓/a-16716065 (https://web.archive.org/web/20191202233838/https://www.dw.com/zh/2013%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E4%B9%8B%E5%A3%B0%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8D%9A%E5%AE%A2%E5%A4%A7%E8%B5%9B%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E6%8F%90%E5%90%8D%E5%8D%9A%E5%AE%A2%E6%8F%AD%E6%99%93/a-16716065[archive])

.Programthink uses https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Thinker[Rodin's The Thinker sculpture] as its avatar, to encourage people to think for themselves rather than <<censorship,blindly believe the Party>>. https://github.com/programthink/[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20191218082236if_/https://avatars0.githubusercontent.com/u/4027957?s=400&v=4[height=400]

[[guo-wengui]]
=== Guo Wengui 郭文贵

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guo_Wengui
* https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/郭文贵

Social media:

* https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCO3pO3ykAUybrjv3RBbXEHw Chinese YouTube

Profiles:

* 2019-07-24 https://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/3019840/chinese-fugitive-tycoon-and-member-trumps-mar-lago-also-spy "Is Guo Wengui, Chinese fugitive tycoon and member of Trump’s Mar-a-Lago, also a spy?"

[[hao-haidong]]
==== Hao Haidong 郝海东

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hao_Haidong
* https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/郝海东

On 2020-06-03, one day before <<tiananmen>> anniversary, he spoke up against the CCP on <<guo-wengui>>'s YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e4aN5h0RqD8&t=4496[]. Coverage:

* https://www.washingtonpost.com/9ae91df2-a6ec-11ea-898e-b21b9a83f792_story.html

Reactions:

* https://pincong.rocks/article/19974 "郝海东这个事情，让你匪进退两难"

===== Zhihu censorship of Hao Haidong

<<zhihu>> basically nuked a gazillion articles that mentioned him. Not nuked yet as of 2020-06:

* https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/128537416
* https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/133206885
* https://www.zhihu.com/question/64992079
* https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/59782534

Searching on Google with an older data range, we can find stuff that is more likely archived

* https://www.zhihu.com/question/22038423
** up https://web.archive.org/web/20150615113940/https://www.zhihu.com/question/22038423
** down http://web.archive.org/web/20200606123519/https://www.zhihu.com/question/22038423

Nuked but mostly not one had archived before, found through Google/Zhihu search:

* https://www.zhihu.com/question/23084831
* https://www.zhihu.com/question/27060872
* https://www.zhihu.com/question/29833583
* https://www.zhihu.com/question/34155456
* https://www.zhihu.com/question/47528985
* https://www.zhihu.com/question/51867870
* https://www.zhihu.com/question/52500232
* https://www.zhihu.com/question/282906877
* https://www.zhihu.com/question/345693653
* https://www.zhihu.com/question/384834709
* https://www.zhihu.com/question/394366737
* https://www.zhihu.com/question/395225037
* https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/145740098

[[zhou-fengsuo]]
=== Zhou Fengsuo 周锋锁

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Fengsuo | https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/周锋锁

After <<ciro-santilli>> started his campaign for freedom of speech in china in 2015, Zhou Fengsuo published on Twitter in 2015-05-30 when he had 36K followers at the time: https://twitter.com/ZhouFengSuo/status/604461488716144640 (https://archive.is/8d2lt[archive]) linking to Ciro Santilli's Stack Overflow account:

____
The commies have messed with the wrong guy's <<ciro-santilli-mother-in-law-jail,mother-in-law.>>"

一个程序员在专业网站上发布六四和法轮功的消息，目的是触怒中共，封杀网站，从而激起程序员的反抗。因为岳母被抓半个月。
____

[[serpentza-laowhy86]]
=== Winston Sterzel (SerpentZA) and Matthew Tye (laowhy86)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_Sterzel

The biggest China expat YouTube channels, and the also collaborated together a lot.

As of 2019, they seem to have moved to the USA because they can't stand harassment by the Chinese government.

Due to their balanced opinions, fluent Chinese, not being <<falun-gong>>, and having lived in China for such a long time, the offer what is arguably the one of best CCP criticisms.

SerpentZA YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCl7mAGnY4jh4Ps8rhhh8XZg

laowhy86 YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UChvithwOECK5g_19TjldMKw

ADVChina joint YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCwNPa8fSXzzAZuT9859GVhg

.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kDV4s9c9sfQ "#65 China Is Getting Worse | Laowhy86 and SerpentZA" published on 2020-04-05. SerpentZA and laowhy86 interview on "China Unscripted", a sister channel of <<china-uncensored-youtube-channel>>. This marks them clearly on the side of "openly criticizing the Chinese government".
video::kDV4s9c9sfQ[youtube,height=400,width=600]

.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b6PI91n2f9o "China Expels Foreign Press to Protect Its Lies" published on 2020-03-23 during/just after <<corona>>.
video::b6PI91n2f9o[youtube,height=400,width=600]

.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NXpPpFzLcZg "China's Winnie The Pooh BAN Explained" published on 2019-10-28 discusses <<winnie-the-pooh>>.
video::NXpPpFzLcZg[youtube,height=400,width=600]

== Media 媒体

Sources of information pertinent to this repository.

=== Commentary media

The following offer interesting commentary, but not to be used as primary sources:

* https://china-journal.org
* https://www.chinafile.com Some good articles. "ChinaFile is an online magazine published by the Center on U.S.-China Relations at Asia Society", based in New York.

[[biased-media]]
=== Biased media 偏见媒体

I consider the media in this section biased, and never cite it for fact-checking.

[[chinese-government-media]]
==== Chinese government media 中国政府媒体

* Xinhua News Agency
** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xinhua_News_Agency | https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/新华社
** http://www.xinhuanet.com/
* People's Daily
** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People's_Daily | https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/人民日报
** http://people.cn/
** https://twitter.com/PDChina
* China Radio International
** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_Radio_International | https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/中国国际广播电台
** http://www.cri.cn | http://english.cri.cn/
* China Daily
** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_Daily | https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/孔子学院
** https://www.economist.com/node/17969895
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_Central_Television[China Central Television (CCTV)]
** https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCgrNz-aDmcr2uuto8_DL2jg CGTN, CCTV's international branch in English
* http://facts.org.cn/ anti <<falun-gong>> website
** http://wap.kaiwind.com/
** I have no proof that this is linked to the government, but it is very likely, even the Chinese embassy website links to it:
*** http://www.china-embassy.org/eng/lj/t36322.htm
*** https://web.archive.org/web/20180414233331/http://www.china-embassy.org/eng/lj/t36322.htm
* Phoneix TV
** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix_Television | https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/凤凰卫视
** https://freebeacon.com/national-security/cruz-seeks-to-shut-down-chinese-propaganda-station-phoenix-tv/

===== Pro-Chinese government media

These might be independent, but they are clearly pro CCP and thus cannot be trusted:

* https://kknews.cc/ refers to <<falun-gong>> as an "Evil Cult" (反邪教) https://kknews.cc/zh-mo/entertainment/lj4y9yb.html (http://archive.is/osBDv[archive])

[[confucius-institute]]
===== Confucius institute 孔子学院

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confucius_Institute | https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/孔子学院

News and reports:

* 2019-09 https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-49511231 (https://web.archive.org/web/20191013185933/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-49511231[archive]) "Confucius Institutes: The growth of China's controversial cultural branch"
* 2019-01 https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2019/01/11/u-s-universities-have-shut-down-confucius-institutes-heres-what-you-need-to-know/ (https://web.archive.org/web/20190616134959/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2019/01/11/u-s-universities-have-shut-down-confucius-institutes-heres-what-you-need-to-know/[archive]) "Why U.S. universities are shutting down China-funded Confucius Institutes"

Related about university interference:

* 2020-05 Drew Pavlou 柏乐志
** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Queensland[University of Queensland], Australia, was trying to get rid of him for anti-CCP campaign
** https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2020/may/24/how-a-20-year-old-student-put-the-spotlight-on-australian-universities-cosy-relationship-with-china

====== University espionage

Lists:

* https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1262441045197049856.html List of professors around America caught selling secret research to the Chinese Communist Regime

People:

* 2020 Charles Lieber
** https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00291-2
** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_M._Lieber he had won a Wolf Prize in Chemistry
* 2019 Shih Yi-chi from UCLA
** https://www.linkedin.com/in/yi-chi-shih-9884bb20/
** https://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/3017017/us-federal-court-finds-chinese-american-engineer-shih-yi-chi-guilty

[[thousand-talents-program]]
====== Thousand Talents Program 千人计划

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thousand_Talents_Plan
* https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/海外高层次人才引进计划

<<ciro-santilli>> believes that this is exactly the type of thing that poor countries need to do to get richer: https://cirosantilli.com/#what-poor-countries-have-to-do-to-get-richer[].

But we can't allow China to do it because China is a <<dictatorship,dictatorship>>.

[[cssa]]
===== Chinese Students and Scholars Association 中国学生学者联合会

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Students_and_Scholars_Association

Abbreviation: CSSA.

News and reports:

* 2019-10-13 https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-10-13/cssa-influence-australian-universities-documents-revealed/11587454 (https://web.archive.org/web/20191014032348/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-10-13/cssa-influence-australian-universities-documents-revealed/11587454[archive]) "Chinese Students and Scholars Association's deep links to the embassy revealed" in Australia.
* 2018-03-07 https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/03/07/chinas-long-arm-reaches-into-american-campuses-chinese-students-scholars-association-university-communist-party/ (https://web.archive.org/web/20191012103953/https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/03/07/chinas-long-arm-reaches-into-american-campuses-chinese-students-scholars-association-university-communist-party/[archive])

[[falun-gong-media]]
==== Falun Gong media 法轮功媒体

A great example of how <<falun-gong>> is <<flg-organized,highly organized>>.

Highly controlled by <<li-hongzhi>>, and extremely lacking clear full disclosure of their affiliation, see also: "Front groups" at <<orange-papers>>.

It could be argued that those media are not "directly" controlled by Li Hongzhi, and possibly were created independently of him initially, but without doubt they are controlled by his devout followers, and if Li Hongzhi ever gave directions, which Ciro has no proof he has ever done, then those media would follow.

Furthermore, Li appears to directly cite some of the main media in Canon or talk at their conferences as Canon.

* https://www.secretchina.com/
* https://fofg.org/
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_of_Hope
** https://www.soundofhope.org/
** https://www.bayvoice.net/gb/
* http://lotus-sacre.com/
* https://en.tuidang.org/
** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuidang_movement
* http://dongtaiwang.com
** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freegate
* https://hongzhi.li/ nice https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_hack[domain hack]
* https://www.qi-gong.me/
* http://www.zhengjian.org/

[[epoch-times]]
===== The Epoch Times 明慧网

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Epoch_Times
* https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/大纪元时报

Falun Gong's newspaper with news for "general public consumption" an no clear affiliation indication.

In <<flg-canon,canon>>: https://gb.falundafa.org/chigb/jiangfa10_3.htm

[[new-tang-dynasty-television]]
===== New Tang Dynasty Television (NTD, NTDTV) 新唐人電視台

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Tang_Dynasty_Television
* https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/新唐人電視台

Falun Gong's newspaper with news for "general public consumption" an no clear affiliation indication.

Li speaking to New Tang conference in <<flg-canon,canon>>: https://big5.falundafa.org/chibig5/jiangfa9_3.htm 在新唐人電視討論會上的講法

[[minghui]]
===== Minghui 明慧网

https://en.minghui.org/

Falun Gong's primary "social network"/"Falun Gong"-only news/propaganda website. More Falun Gong specific than <<epoch-times>>.

Literally: clear (明) wisdom (慧) network (网)

Li speaking to Minghui conference in <<flg-canon,canon>>: https://big5.falundafa.org/chibig5/jiangfa10_1.htm

TODO how https://www.clearwisdom.net/ compares?

[[shen-yun]]
===== Shen Yun Performing Arts 神韵艺术团

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_Yun_Performing_Arts
* https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/神韵艺术团

A good testimony from an ordinary employee from 2013: <<aarvoll-shenyun,Aarvoll's account>>.

Openly directly controlled by <<li-hongzhi>>. He features as director on librettos, e.g. the 2013 one (credited "D. F." (Da Fa) and with his photo).

Shen Yun's headquarters are also located in/near <<dragon-springs>>.

Li mentions Shen Yun in <<flg-canon,canon>>: https://gb.falundafa.org/chigb/jiangfa11_2.htm

[[jennifer-zeng]]
===== Jennifer Zeng 曾錚

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jennifer_Zeng

https://twitter.com/jenniferatntd

2005 book: https://www.amazon.co.uk/Witnessing-History-Womans-Fight-Freedom/dp/1741144000

[[bannedbook-org]]
===== bannedbook.org 禁闻网

The main Chinese name is 禁闻网 which stands for "banned news network", and is more accurate than the domain name "bannedbook" since the majority of material published appears to be recent banned articles.

Classifying this as Falun Gong media because most or possibly all of the sidebar recommended websites 推荐网站 are also Falun Gong media e.g. as of 2020-04: https://web.archive.org/web/20200427221744/https://www.bannedbook.org/[] includes Epoch times and https://hongzhi.li/[], so yeah, not much doubt.

From this we deduce that the "banned book" in the domain name originally likely referred more specifically to the banned Falun Gong sacred books: <<flg-canon>>.

Once again, <<flg-transparent>> is in need.

TODO who is behind this website? They store full text copies of banned articles, e.g. https://www.bannedbook.org/bnews/baitai/20190816/1175647.html is a full text copy of http://yashalong.blog.caixin.com/archives/188877 which is mentioned at: <<nazi>>.

[[new-tang-dinasty-television]]
===== New Tang Dinasty Television 新唐人電視台

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Tang_Dynasty_Television | https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/新唐人電視台

Related shows:

* https://www.youtube.com/user/Laowaikanzhongguo Laowai kan Zhongguo 老外看中國
* https://www.youtube.com/user/NTDOffTheGreatWall Off the Great Wall

====== China Uncensored YouTube channel

https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCgFP46yVT-GG4o1TgXn-04Q

Older shows had ndt.tv water mark on top right, e.g. a 2013 video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nmMvS3lgJBs

The video description also links to http://e.ntd.tv/NTDChinaUncensored which is now down, but has archives such as https://web.archive.org/web/20130321071835/http://e.ntd.tv/NTDChinaUncensored which suggest a redirect back to the YouTube channel:

____
Redirecting to...

http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZZhVHPaO1ziCc9dRPrgbz2KU0aZF7CJ-
____

TODO why did newer videos remove the water mark and clear link? Did they break links, or just to hide Falun Gong influence?

Home page gives extremely unusual importance to Falun Gong resources, e.g.:

* http://www.chinauncensored.tv/about/ (https://web.archive.org/web/20190426203719/http://www.chinauncensored.tv/about/[archive]) "China Uncensored is available to watch on this website, on YouTube, on New Tang Dynasty Television"
* http://www.chinauncensored.tv/campaigns/ (https://web.archive.org/web/20190512160736/http://www.chinauncensored.tv/campaigns/[archive]) "Chinese police illegally arrested Canadian citizen Sun Qian from her home in Beijing for practicing Falun Gong."

Related:

* https://www.quora.com/How-is-the-YouTube-show-China-Uncensored-funded/answer/Ciro-Santilli
* https://www.quora.com/Is-the-YouTube-channel-China-Uncensored-a-trustworthy-source-of-information-on-China
* https://www.theepochtimes.com/youtube-scraped-most-popular-channel-on-china-politics-from-search-suggestions_2675796.html (https://web.archive.org/web/20190119083517/https://www.theepochtimes.com/youtube-scraped-most-popular-channel-on-china-politics-from-search-suggestions_2675796.html[archive]) Epoch Times highlights the channel "Why YouTube’s Most Popular Channel on China Politics Doesn’t Show in Search Suggestions"

==== USA government media 美国政府媒体

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_of_America
** https://www.voa.com/
** https://www.voachinese.com/
** https://www.voacantonese.com/

Partial support:

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boxun https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/博讯

[[rfa]]
===== Radio Free Asia (RFA) 自由亚洲电台

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_Free_Asia
* https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/自由亚洲电台

Website: https://www.rfa.org

Just because they are/were funded/founded by the CIA, it doesn't mean that we can't use their xref:rebel-pepper[amazing satirical cartoons] to fight xref:dictatorship[], right?

=== Media that we are not sure is biased or not

[[caixin]]
==== Caixin 财新传媒

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caixin | https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/财新传媒

Beijing based, but does publish stuff that seems to be very sensitive:

* <<corona>> Government fuckups
* https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-35761277 "China magazine Caixin defiant on censorship of article"

[[videos]]
== Videos 视频

https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLcZOZrP1P_V5d7RMOKXF1PT70fcfYJpgY

<<ciro-santilli>>'s "China Politics" playlist is a collection of all sensitive videos I have ever found on YouTube: Ping him if you find any he hasn't included.

Interesting videos that were deleted/made private since he added them:

* 2019-04-17 https://web.archive.org/web/20190424021220/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lPnnHCeRH3w the Leica ad: https://www.theverge.com/2019/4/19/18508009/leica-china-censored-ad-tiananmen-square-protests-weibo Re-upload by SCMP: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lcuLZDHLFt8
* 2019-05-18 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qAEUafI_lyI not on Web Archive, lesson learned

[[funny]]
== Funny 搞笑

Humour is the greatest weapon against <<dictatorship,dictators>>:

* <<xi-jinping>>
** <<chrysanthemium-xi-jinping>>
** <<winnie-the-pooh>>
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Religious_Affairs_Bureau_Order_No._5 officially named "Measures on the Management of the Reincarnation of Living Buddhas" (藏传佛教活佛转世管理办法)
* https://www.reddit.com/r/China/comments/3pqljx/zimbabwes_ruthless_dictator_mugabe_wins_chinas/ 2015 Zimbabwe dictator wins Confucius prize
* http://www.miniharm.com/
* South Park S32 E1 "Band in China" (2019), episode criticizing <<censorship,Chinese censorship>>
** free preview https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g6DI6XuvCwE
** free episode but only for US / Canada... https://southpark.cc.com/full-episodes/s23e02-band-in-china
** reply from show creators to censorship https://twitter.com/SouthPark/status/1181273539799736320
** BBC's report https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-49968867
* https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EGPZYFeUUAAYMQf?format=jpg&name=large "Tibet, Uyghur, Hong Kong, World" China death knocking door cartoon. TODO source, originally seen at: https://twitter.com/Lawrence_HKer/status/1181026542786203648 (https://web.archive.org/web/20191008075035/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EGPZYFeUUAAYMQf?format=jpg[archive])

See also:

* <<life-of-brian>>
* <<zone-theory>>

.Weibo logo vs Sauron's eye 微博标志vs索倫魔眼 by Ciro Santilli.
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20191013080406if_/https://i.imgur.com/eKPmYyz.png[height=400]

=== Cartoonists 漫画家

Reasonable lists:

* https://caglecartoons.com/?s=China The website blocks Web Archive.

Other cartoonists/illustrators:

* Greta Samuel
** https://gretasamuel.com/
** https://mobile.twitter.com/samuel_greta
** https://idzpodprad.pl/aktualnosci/chinczycy-groza-smiercia-polskiej-ilustratorce-pracodawca-chce-ja-zwolnic/ "Chińczycy grożą śmiercią polskiej ilustratorce! Pracodawca chce ją zwolnić?¨" Google translates to: "The Chinese are threatening the death of the Polish illustrator! Employer wants to fire her?"

[[rebel-pepper]]
==== Rebel Pepper 变态辣椒

* https://twitter.com/remonwangxt
* https://rebelpeppercartoons.com/

Without a doubt, the greatest anti-Communist joke cartoonist of the 2010s.

As of 2019 he does work for xref:rfa[], so a possible list of all cartoons of this era can be found at: https://www.rfa.org/english/cartoons/story_archive

His best work can be found scattered throughout this document in the relevant sections.

==== Paresh Nath

Not China only like <<rebel-pepper>>, but does have some good China ones.

* https://www.cagle.com/author/paresh-nath/
** https://www.cagle.com/paresh-nath/2018/01/china-s-manipulation "We don't seek to conquer foreign lands", "It seeks to conquer foreign minds!"
** https://media.cagle.com/78/2017/03/08/192621_600.jpg "We believe in free trade and reforms"
** https://www.cagle.com/paresh-nath/2014/10/honk-kong-protests "Communism", "Democracy" and "Hong Kong" illustrates democracies disadvantage, that it is hard to get everyone on the same boat to fight together compared to dictatorships. This was also seen clearly on WW2 when the British government hesitated for a long time to attack while seeking peace, until Churchill stepped up.
* https://twitter.com/pareshnathtoons?lang=en
* https://www.cartooningforpeace.org/en/dessinateurs/paresh/

[[badiucao]]
==== Baidiucao 巴丢草

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badiucao
* https://twitter.com/badiucao

Has a more artistic red-black-white-yellow style.

[[falun-sweden]]
=== Falun, Sweden 法轮，瑞典

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falun | https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/法倫

A Swedish University town called "Falun", with the same "Falun" Chinese characters as those in <<falun-gong>>, which got the town blocked by the <<internal-censorship,GFW>> on some websites, mentioned at:

* https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323926104578277511385052752
* https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=法倫&oldid=47709870#趣闻

Known primarily for its mine, which was one of the oldest operating companies in the world: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falun_Mine

[[art]]
== Art 艺术

* https://www.yuumeiart.com/fisheye-placebo-chapters Fisheye Placebo by Wenqing Yan. Webcomic that talks a lot about climbing the xref:censorship[great wall]. Artist obviously pro-democracy: https://twitter.com/Yuumei_Art/status/1174394851179167744

[[books]]
== Books 书籍

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_censorship_in_China | https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/中华人民共和国出版物审查制度

Either banned, or relevant.

For other censored material types, see: <<lists-of-material-censored-in-china>>.

[[nineteen-eighty-four]]
=== Nineteen Eighty-Four: A Novel (AKA "1984") 一九八四 (1949)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nineteen_Eighty-Four | https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/一九八四

Read for free from Project Gutenberg: http://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks01/0100021.txt (https://web.archive.org/web/20200413105623/http://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks01/0100021.txt[archive])

This book is very fun to read, and it is not very long.

1984 has coined some amazing terms which perfectly describe aspects of dictatorships:

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoughtcrime[Thourhgcrime], see also: <<thoughtcrime>>
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newspeak[Newspeak], see also "Cult-speak" from <<orange-papers>>

There is also a decent movie made released in the year, you guessed, 1984: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nineteen_Eighty-Four_(1984_film) starring https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hurt[John Hurt].

The Law of gravity quote perfectly illustrates the CCPs approach to lying:

____
Anything could be true. The so-called laws of Nature were nonsense. The
law of gravity was nonsense. 'If I wished,' O'Brien had said, 'I could
float off this floor like a soap bubble.' Winston worked it out. 'If he
THINKS he floats off the floor, and if I simultaneously THINK I see him
do it, then the thing happens.' Suddenly, like a lump of submerged wreckage
breaking the surface of water, the thought burst into his mind: 'It doesn't
really happen. We imagine it. It is hallucination.' He pushed the thought
under instantly. The fallacy was obvious. It presupposed that somewhere
or other, outside oneself, there was a 'real' world where 'real' things
happened. But how could there be such a world? What knowledge have we of
anything, save through our own minds? All happenings are in the mind.
Whatever happens in all minds, truly happens.
____

Another good one:

____
In our world
there will be no emotions except fear, rage, triumph, and self-abasement.
Everything else we shall destroy--everything. Already we are breaking down
the habits of thought which have survived from before the Revolution. We
have cut the links between child and parent, and between man and man, and
between man and woman. No one dares trust a wife or a child or a friend
any longer. But in the future there will be no wives and no friends.
Children will be taken from their mothers at birth, as one takes eggs from
a hen. The sex instinct will be eradicated. Procreation will be an annual
formality like the renewal of a ration card. We shall abolish the orgasm.
Our neurologists are at work upon it now. There will be no loyalty, except
loyalty towards the Party. There will be no love, except the love of
Big Brother. There will be no laughter, except the laugh of triumph over
a defeated enemy. There will be no art, no literature, no science. When
we are omnipotent we shall have no more need of science. There will be
no distinction between beauty and ugliness. There will be no curiosity,
no enjoyment of the process of life. All competing pleasures will be
destroyed. But always--do not forget this, Winston--always there will be
the intoxication of power, constantly increasing and constantly growing
subtler. Always, at every moment, there will be the thrill of victory,
the sensation of trampling on an enemy who is helpless. If you want a
picture of the future, imagine a boot stamping on a human face--for ever.'
____

.https://youtube.com/watch?v=flhggnpCeHw Gravity scene from the 1984 movie.
video::flhggnpCeHw[youtube,height=400,width=600]

[[brave-new-world]]
=== Brave New World 美丽新世界 (1932)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brave_New_World

This is basically a less good <<nineteen-eighty-four>>, but the following passage https://archive.org/stream/ost-english-brave_new_world_aldous_huxley/Brave_New_World_Aldous_Huxley_djvu.txt[from Chapter 17] rocks:

____
The Controller, meanwhile, had crossed to the other side of the room and was unlocking a large safe set into the wall between the book- shelves. The heavy door swung open. Rummaging in the darkness within, "It's a subject," he said, "that has always had a great interest for me." He pulled out a thick black volume. "You've never read this, for example."

The Savage took it. "The Holy Bible, containing the Old and New Testaments" he read aloud from the title-page.

"Nor this." It was a small book and had lost its cover.

"The Imitation of Christ"

"Nor this." He handed out another volume.

"The Varieties of Religious Experience. By William James."

"And I've got plenty more," Mustapha Mond continued, resuming his seat. "A whole collection of pornographic old books. God in the safe and Ford on the shelves." He pointed with a laugh to his avowed li- brary-to the shelves of books, the rack full of reading-machine bob- bins and sound-track rolls.

"But if you know about God, why don't you tell them?"
____

[[policies]]
== Policies 政策

[[censorship]]
=== Censorship 审查

.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Drooker[Eric Drooker]'s "Censorship" (TODO year) has become one of the most recognizable censorship symbols as of 2020. https://www.drooker.com/illustrations[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20200313090742if_/https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56b6ef88a3360c8cda5f4ec5/1455664972210-ZH3TLGYYZ2ACRHT3SG32/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kPC_zjTA3UYFvUlg9ipOEJx7gQa3H78H3Y0txjaiv_0fDoOvxcdMmMKkDsyUqMSsMWxHk725yiiHCCLfrh8O1z5QPOohDIaIeljMHgDF5CVlOqpeNLcJ80NK65_fV7S1URB8do3-7hcAcpn6rB6iKr1pTef0AlszvevyZwBc1CWewPPt5b224fdRayPxZIHRuA/censorship.jpg?format=1500w[height=400]

[[internal-censorship]]
==== Internal censorship is necessary to prevent fake USA accounts from creating harmful propaganda

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Censorship_in_China
* https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/中华人民共和国言论审查

The USA cannot create enough fake accounts to overwhelm real 1.5 billion Chinese accounts, especially considering things like forcing mobile number account verification.

Chinese politicians are just using this fear as an excuse to stay in power: <<evil-west>>.

What if a Chinese person who really loves China and wants to improve the country disagrees with the Government?

What if this person is right, and wants to express this publicly to get support and make change happen?

Should this person just be put into jail as is done currently? Do you really think that the CCP can never do anything seriously wrong? <<chinese-politicians-really-care-about-the-chinese-citizens>>?

When citizens stop trying to contribute due to fear, this is known as the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilling_effect[chilling effect (寒蝉效应)].

What if a <<is-chinese-politician-x-evil,politician>> does something bad, and <<corruption,suppresses the news to protect themselves>>?

Without freedom of speech, who will watch over the actions of those in power? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quis_custodiet_ipsos_custodes%3F[Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?]

____
I hear always the admonishment of my friends:

"Bolt her in, constrain her!"

But who will guard the guardians? The wife plans ahead and begins with them.
____

With internal censorship, leaders inevitably become <<xi-jinping,Gods>>, and soon zealous sons betray their fathers and brothers in loyalty to the leader and their fake ideal. See for example: <<man-in-the-high-castle>>.

[[man-in-the-high-castle]]
.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SymuEg6NRp0 Scene from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Man_in_the_High_Castle_(TV_series)[The Man in the High Castle] S04E06 in which the devoted young Thomas Smith hands himself in to be killed by the Nazis whom he worships after discovering that he has a disease, which is not acceptable in <<nazi,Nazi>> America.
video::ttps://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Семнадцать_мгновений_весны_(телефильм)[youtube,height=400,width=600]

The famous https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Heine[Heinrich Heine] (German but from the 19th century, before the Nazis) saying also comes to mind:

____
Where they have burned books, they will end in burning human beings.
____

Do you not think that this translates well to the modern version:

____
Where they have deleted online posts, they will end in deleting human beings.
____

It is actually easier for the USA to manipulate a dictatorship than a democracy, because then all you have to do is buy/blackmail a few key corrupt politicians instead of manipulating millions of people's feeds.

.Internal censorship is so strong, that many Chinese people who leave China to live abroad continue to believe that the CCP is always right, despite having access evidence that suggests otherwise. This <<rebel-pepper>> 2019-08 cartoon shows frogs coming out of a big well still remain inside their own small wells made up of Chinese media such as <<zhihu-purge,Zhihu>> and CCTV. It is a reference to the Chinese proverb https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/井底之蛙[井底之蛙] which means that a frog in the bottom of the well can only see a very limited portion of the sky. https://www.rfa.org/mandarin/biantailajiaomanhua/lj-08302019111414.html[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20190915124441im_/https://www.rfa.org/mandarin/biantailajiaomanhua/lj-08302019111414.html/1/@@images/82a29858-e5b4-4ae1-88ae-fa54737588e1.jpeg[height=500]

.<<nazi,Nazis>> burning books in Berlin in 1933. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazi_book_burnings[Source].
image::https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/1933-may-10-berlin-book-burning.JPG/603px-1933-may-10-berlin-book-burning.JPG[height=400]

.<<falun-gong>> books being destroyed with a https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_roller[road roller] in 1999 in China in an extremely low quality early Internet still of a video TODO Ciro saw a 3s sequence in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v7cz4Tkbwy8[], find timestamp again. How far do you think mass jailings and torture would be? One wonders why they didn't burn the books though. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Destruction_d'ouvrages_du_Falun_Gong_lors_de_la_répression_de_1999_en_Chine.jpg[Source].
image::https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Destruction_d'ouvrages_du_Falun_Gong_lors_de_la_répression_de_1999_en_Chine.jpg[height=400]

==== China has more freedom of speech than the USA!

When you hear that online, it really makes you wonder if those people believe it or are paid to say it.

Luckily, this is easy to verify: just create an online account on a Chinese website, and start posting about censored political subjects, and wait for your account to get banned.

Then create an account on an American website, and start posting about censored political subjects. The first good question is: what will you post about since no political subject is censored?

Here is one concrete and well documented example: <<zhihu-purge>>.

Or maybe why not <<t-shirt,go out on the street in China with a T-shirt with censored words and share some photos online>>? 

.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c1HdCIW2Xtk 2016-10-18 BBC stopped from visiting China independent candidate for local elections, Liu Huizhen (刘惠珍). They returned a few days later when the thugs weren't there: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eroTCMRn2yQ[].
video::c1HdCIW2Xtk[youtube,height=400,width=600]

[[t-shirt]]
===== What happens if you wear a T-shirt with censored words in China?

See also <<ciro-santilli>>'s answer to https://www.quora.com/What-would-happen-if-I-walked-around-Beijing-with-a-t-shirt-that-said-freedom-of-speech-is-pretty-great/answer/Ciro-Santilli[What would happen if I walked around Beijing with a t-shirt that said "freedom of speech is pretty great"?] on <<quora>>.

Some cases where that didn't end well for them:

* 2017 Li Xiaoling (李小玲) was arrested and released "on bail" for wearing a <<tiananmen,Tiananmen>> T-shirt: https://www.nchrd.org/2017/10/li-xiaoling/
* 1989 <<pu-zhiqiang-shirt,Pu Zhiqiang (浦志强) freedom of speech shirt>> during <<tiananmen>>

Related:

* 2000 https://en.minghui.org/emh/articles/2000/11/8/6250.html Autralian Zhang Cuiying (张翠英) went to China to protest against Falun Gong oppression and was kept 8 months in jail there. When she returned to Australia on 2000-11-04, she wore a t-shirt saying:
+
____
为了一句公道话， +
法轮大法是正法， +
为此坐牢八个月， +
历经艰险讨公道， +
头可断，血可流， +
浩气丹心留狱中， +
中国镇压法轮功， +
将成为千古罪人。
____
+
translated as:
+
____
Because of the truth I said +
Falun Dafa is righteous +
I was imprisoned for 8 months +
I went through the hardship just to attain the justice +
I am not afraid of bleeding or other sacrifice +
My righteous mind was shown in the prison +
China suppresses Falun Gong +
Which is unforgivable
____

.In 2016 activist Quan Ping (Kwon Pyong,权平,https://twitter.com/kwonpyong[BraveJohnny]) was sent to jail for wearing a <<nazi,Xitler>>/<<xi-jinping-memes,習包子/大撒币>> t-shirt in public and posting selfies online. This photo is in front of a Government building (TODO exact location, reports say he is from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jilin_City[Jilin City 吉林] transcription of the sign on top of building: 诚信立市 https://baike.baidu.com/item/工业强市[工业强市] 依法治...) https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/16/world/asia/china-xi-jinping-xitler-tshirt-kwon-pyong.html[New York Times coverage]. He was later sentenced and served 18 months in prison because of this: https://www.frontlinedefenders.org/en/profile/kwon-pyong[Front Line Defenders profile]. https://www.rfa.org/english/news/china/xi-jinping-tshirt-activist-confirmed-held-in-northeast-china-detention-center-12082016110338.html[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20170630212420im_/http://www.rfa.org/english/news/china/activist-11022016120902.html/china-xitler-nov22016.jpg/image[height=400]

.In 2009 activist Liu Shihui (刘士辉) was arrested for wearing a "One-party rule is a disaster" (一党独裁，遍地是灾) in 2009 in Guangzhou. This is a quote from a <<chinese-government-media,Xinhua News>> editorial https://chinadigitaltimes.net/chinese/1946/03/【历史的先声】一党独裁，遍地是灾/[from the 1940s]. On the back was another quote by former president https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liu_Shaoqi[Liu Shaoqi (刘少奇)] "The CP [Communist Party] opposes the Kuomintang’s one-party dictatorship, but the CP will not establish a one-party dictatorship". This interesting <<zhihu>> page has many other similar quotes BTW: https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/59503784[] (https://web.archive.org/web/20200331202252/https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/59503784[archive]). He was later assaulted, spent 108 days in jail without a trial, and was forcefully sent back to his home town in Inner Mongolia: https://www.frontlinedefenders.org/en/case/case-history-liu-shihui[Front Line Defenders profile]. https://observers.france24.com/en/20090522-arrested-subversive-shirt[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20200309101601im_/http://scd.observers.france24.com/files/images/090521%20china%20I.preview.jpg[height=500]

[[gfw]]
==== Great Firewall (GFW) 防火长城

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Firewall | https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/防火长城

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Shield_Project | https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/全国公安工作信息化工程

And so, the spirit of Internet freedom that the Chinese themselves had at the start, was crushed :

____
越过长城
走向世界

Across the Great Wall, we can reach every corner in the world.
____

Source: the first International email sent from China in 1987 by https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/王运丰[Wang Yunfeng (王运丰)] in the Beijing-based Institute for Computer Application (ICA) of the China Ordnance Industry Corporation under the https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/中华人民共和国机械电子工业部[Ministry of Machinery and Electronics of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国机械电子工业部)] to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werner_Zorn[Werner Zorn] from the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karlsruhe_Institute_of_Technology[Karlsruhe Institute of Technology] see also: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_in_China[].

[[dictator-needs-gfw]]
===== Would ending the Great Firewall truly end the dictatorship?

Not 100% sure.

In <<russia>>, for example, the Internet is relatively free, but the government controls most professional media, which is what most people end up seeing, by suing dissidents media out of business.

But on the other hand Russia is already much freer than China.

Although I don't like them, I can't deny one thing: the commies are smart, and when they do something (e.g. censorship), it tends to keep them in power.

===== The Great Firewall is necessary to protect China from harmful USA propaganda and data collection

<<ciro-santilli>> doesn't think this is below the USA, but:

* without censorship, you would be much richer and stronger, and more able to defend yourselves
* why does China also censor its own people in addition to foreign propaganda?
* maybe this fear is greatly emphasized by the Chinese government beyond truth just to help them keep control of the country by fear and maintain their own power. Can the Americans really have that much influence in your country? <<evil-west>>
* maybe the regions that want to split from China feel like China is not giving them anything back, and they are themselves looking for allies outside of China to help them split. With democracy, people are more likely to get what they want, and there will be split parties and votes.
* the same argument can be used to justify any action, no matter how bad. E.g.: we must put all who criticize the government in jail, or else they will make China less united and weaker against the USA!

<<deng-xiaoping>> notably had this ideology, even though he explicitly recognizes that there are also <<censorship-makes-countries-poorer,benefits to not having online censorship>>:

____
打开窗户，新鲜空气和苍蝇就会一起进来。
____

which translates as:

____
If you open the window, both fresh air and flies will enter.
____

[[google]]
====== Google China 谷歌中国

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_China
* https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/谷歌中国

.Faithful Google China users/employees made a funeral-like flower tribute on the company's entry sign in Beijing https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuspark[Tsinghua Science Park] when the company was https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Aurora[kicked/hacked out of China in the 2010 Operation Aurora]. This was one example of the unfair <<what-should-western-countries-do-about-china,joint venture technique imposed on foreign companies>> by China. https://qz.com/1352137/why-internet-users-chose-baidu-over-google-when-it-was-in-china/[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20200315134918if_/https://cms.qz.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/google-china-flowers-baidu.jpg?quality=75&strip=all&w=1600&h=901[height=400]

[[jingjing-chacha]]
===== Jingjing and Chacha 警警察察

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jingjing_and_Chacha

Friendly looking mascots of Internet Censorship in China created by the Shenzhen Government in 2006.

https://youtu.be/ZB8ODpw_om8?t=583 "Roger Dingledine - The Tor Censorship Arms Race The Next Chapter - DEF CON 27 Conference" mentions that choosing friendly looking mascots for internet censorship is a comon practice in several dictatorships, so to suggest that they are just <<evil-west,protecting citizens>>, These show the cute UAE censorship page for example:

* Iran https://business.financialpost.com/technology/canadian-software-used-to-filter-internet-in-middle-east
* Quatar https://rankingdigitalrights.org/2019/06/12/arab-regions-telecommunications-companies-fail-to-respect-users-digital-rights/

The images were https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jingjing_and_Chacha&oldid=917408711[removed from Wikipedia] presumably due to fair use concerns, so Ciro asked how to check that at: https://webapps.stackexchange.com/questions/137977/how-to-check-why-a-fair-use-image-was-removed-from-wikipedia After understanding the case, Ciro https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jingjing_and_Chacha&oldid=936842199[reuploaded the images], hopefully for good.

.Jinjing (警警) is the male cop. https://web.archive.org/web/20070825092952/http://www.e-gov.org.cn/Article/news003/2006-01-02/15229.html[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20070825092952im_/http://www.e-gov.org.cn/Article/UploadFiles/200601/20060102092326277.jpg[height=400]

.Chacha (警警) is the female cop. https://web.archive.org/web/20070825092952/http://www.e-gov.org.cn/Article/news003/2006-01-02/15229.html[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20070825092952im_/http://www.e-gov.org.cn/Article/UploadFiles/200601/20060102092327204.jpg[height=400]

.Jingjing and Chacha picture shown on the street, presumably in China. https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/bnvy38/jingjing-and-chacha[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20200115110135if_/https://images.vice.com/vice/images/articles/meta/2012/03/06/jingjing-and-chacha-1413461637268.jpeg[height=400]

.Image with Jingjing and Chacha together and explanations (深圳网络警察,Shenzhen Network Police), good for copy pasting. TODO a bit small. https://www.reddit.com/r/Cyberpunk/comments/84vbut/cute_official_mascot_design_of_chinese_internet/[Source]..
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20200115110425im_/https://i.redd.it/ns9jhaeel4m01.jpg[height=400]

.Beijing version of the Shenzhen-created Jingjing and Chacha. TODO what does it say on the images? On car "XX网络110" (XX Internet 110) so it must be the phone number of the Internet police department. At bottom right something like (联合新作, joint XX), so likely means it is a joint action between two departments. https://www.nbcnews.com/id/20477258/ns/technology_and_science-internet/t/beijing-police-launch-virtual-web-patrol/[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20200315112507if_/http://media2.s-nbcnews.com/j/ap/bej10508281134.grid-6x2.jpg[height=400]

.Angry Chinese cop cartoons extracted from https://web.archive.org/web/20191209021646/http://encyclopediadramatica.rs/China[Encyclopedia Dramatica] with the racist subtitles removed. It is hard to be sure what is the original image that they were Photoshopped from, but they are very similar to the Beijing Jingjing and Chacha although this is not a direct copy paste of the above since several details differ. The image was uploaded in 2011 to ED. https://web.archive.org/web/20170525180028/https://encyclopediadramatica.rs/File:Preasetoshowpapers.jpg[Source].
image::{cirosantilli-media-base}Jingjing_Chacha_angry.jpg[height=400]

.The Qatar friendly censorship page likely from around 2011. China is not alone in this "cute censorship" technique. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Qatar_filtering_message._Qtel_network.jpg[Source].
image::https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Qatar_filtering_message._Qtel_network.jpg[height=600]

===== Western companies that sell censorship technology to dictatorships

To China:

* Cisco may have knowingly helped to build the Chinese internet censorship infrastructure in the 2000's
** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisco_Systems#Censorship_in_China
** https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2016/04/ciscos-latest-attempt-dodge-responsibility-facilitating-human-rights-abuses-export
*** https://www.eff.org/files/2016/01/12/113_second_amended_complaint_does_v._cisco_9.18.13.pdf they had a demo with a <<falun-gong>> module
** https://www.wired.com/2008/05/leaked-cisco-do/
*** Internal CISCO documents quote the Chinese Government saying: "The Golden Shield Project ... Combat Falun Gong evil religion and other hostiles"

To other dictatorships:

* 2019: IBM https://gizmodo.com/ibm-sells-face-recognition-surveillance-to-a-dictatorsh-1835101881
* 2017: Amesys France for facial recognition surveillance in Egypt: https://www.fidh.org/en/region/north-africa-middle-east/egypt/sale-of-surveillance-equipment-to-egypt-by-french-company-amesys
* 2011: Netsweeper Inc. from Canada to UAE
** claim: https://business.financialpost.com/technology/canadian-software-used-to-filter-internet-in-middle-east
* 2009: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forcepoint[Forcepoint], previously Websense
** claims on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forcepoint#Censorship

In 2019, the European Union was considering making stricter laws about cyber surveillance exports, to include more technologies that can be used either for Censorship or other non-evil applications (dual-use), <<what-should-western-countries-do-about-china,kudos to them>>:

* https://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/document.html?reference=EPRS_BRI%282016%29589832
* https://ec.europa.eu/trade/import-and-export-rules/export-from-eu/dual-use-controls/index_en.htm
* https://www.osborneclarke.com/insights/upcoming-changes-to-bring-cyber-surveillance-technology-within-eu-export-control-regime/
* https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/12/eu-plans-restrict-export-dual-spy-tech-171210061410639.html

See also: <<western-companies-that-comply-with-chinese-censorship-requests>>.

.Cartoon showing how Amesys systems are used to suppress citizens in Egypt. Do you want the logo of your company to figure there instead? https://www.fidh.org/en/region/north-africa-middle-east/egypt/sale-of-surveillance-equipment-to-egypt-by-french-company-amesys[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20200315112732if_/https://www.fidh.org/local/cache-gd2/86/564727cb219a210145a0dd6a1b7561.jpg?1556188970[height=400]

===== Censorship monitoring

Projects that attempt to understand how the Great Firewall works and what it blocks:

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Websites_blocked_in_mainland_China
** https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/中华人民共和国被封锁网站列表
* Garry King Harvard papers:
** https://gking.harvard.edu/50c#
** https://gking.harvard.edu/publications/how-Censorship-China-Allows-Government-Criticism-Silences-Collective-Expression
** https://gking.harvard.edu/publications/randomized-experimental-study-censorship-china
* https://github.com/phoeagon/gfw-sim GFW emulation
* https://github.com/citizenlab/chat-censorship data on Censorship

It is also worth noting that as mentioned at <<is-stack-overflow-blocked-in-china>> that websites can become non-functional if CDNs they rely on are taken down, instead of the website being taken down itself.

[[greatfire]]
====== GreatFire 自由微博

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GreatFire
* https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/自由微博

A group that produces tools and websites against censorship in China, central website: https://greatfire.org/

Backed by <<rfa>> and therefore USA Government.

The GreatFire Analyzer is their most important tool, it checks if websites are blocked or not in China:

* https://en.greatfire.org/analyzer
* https://zh.greatfire.org/analyzer

It also keeps a calendar of previous checks so you can see when a website started getting blocked.

One of the highlighted collections is the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexa_Internet[Alexa] Top 1000 domain block analysis: https://en.greatfire.org/search/alexa-top-1000-domains

Quite a few amazingly named porn ones, how could you live without them? <<porn>>

* https://chaturbate.com
* https://bongacams.com/

And some interesting random stuff that is hard to understand why its blocked, some of them appear to be pure protectionism:

* https://sourceforge.net/ interesting! The ex-<<github>> was blocked unlike GitHub as of 2020: https://www.quora.com/Is-SourceForge-still-relevant-to-open-source-projects/answer/Ciro-Santilli
* https://www.homedepot.com
* weirdly named <<google,Google>>. Do the names mean anything? Are they owned? The fact that they are Alexa top 1000 domains is just so funny, Google redirects for China.
** https://gdl5vtbbv0lj.com
** https://au79nt5wic4x.com
* https://www.jw.org/en/ Jehovah's Witness
* https://www.yodobashi.com/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yodobashi_Camera a Japanese Electronics retailer

Other tools:

* https://freeweibo.com a Weibo archive to overcome deleted posts
* https://en.greatfire.org/blog/2013/nov/google-can-bring-end-censorship-10-days-heres-how made some noise at the time
* https://twitter.com/GreatFireChina

===== Lists of material censored in China

For materials hosted on GitHub, see: <<github-repositories-with-censored-information>>.

For books, see: <<books>>

Websites:

* <<falun-gong-media>> contains a few:
** <<bannedbook-org>>

===== gfwlist

https://github.com/gfwlist/gfwlist

Chinese people widely use this website list with browser extensions, so as to only use more expensive and risky <<censorship-circumvention>> traffic when accessing certain webpages.

The result is a well maintained list of interesting websites. About half of which is porn.

Get the full list with:

....
base64 -d gfwlist.txt
....

See also:

* https://github.com/gfwlist/gfwlist/issues/3 "How to use this repo?"
* https://github.com/gfwlist/gfwlist/issues/1141 "Add categories tags to each entry"

[[censorship-circumvention]]
===== Censorship circumvention 翻墙

* https://www.bypasscensorship.org

It is interesting to note how <<falun-gong>> is a good source of censorship-circumvention material, see e.g.: <<github-gov-takedowns>>.

[[icp-license]]
===== ICP license 非经营性网站备案 (2000)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICP_license | https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/非经营性网站备案

Part of the <<internal-censorship,Internet censorship machine>>, although it predates the GFW proper.

It can be seen at the bottom of many many many websites, it is likely mandatory to display it.

If you see one of those, you already know hat it cannot be trusted for politics.

For example, https://archive.is/ePBM9[as of April 2020], the <<zhihu>> sidebar shows:

____
京 ICP 备 13052560 号 - 1
____

where "京" indicates that the certificate was issued by the Beijing Provincial level city.

In 2014, almost 15 years later, <<russia>> finally caught up, what a relief: <<russia-mandatory-registration-of-bloggers>>.

[[anonymous-accounts-ban]]
===== Anonymous accounts ban (2017)

* https://www.rfa.org/english/news/china/ban-08282017112633.html
* https://techcrunch.com/2017/08/27/china-doubles-down-on-real-name-registration-laws-forbidding-anonymous-online-posts/
* https://advox.globalvoices.org/2017/08/27/china-to-ban-anonymous-online-comments-blacklist-users/

[[porn]]
===== Pornography ban 色情禁令

This will be the fall of China:

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pornography_in_China
* https://www.quora.com/Why-is-pornography-banned-in-China

And yet, every single Chinese teenager knows very well the meaning of "AV": Adult Video, the term https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronology_of_adult_videos_in_Japan[originating notably from Japan] (the Chinese really), which is one of the most common ways of referring to vide pornography.

Curious, right?

The <<nineteen-eighty-four>> quote "The sex instinct will be eradicated." comes to mind, see that section for fuller context.

Some news coverage:

* 2020 during <<corona>>, while https://www.pornhub.com/press/show?id=1951[Pornhub was offering free premium subscriptions], China was cracking down on porn harder than usual
** https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/03/06/internet-sex-coronavirus-no-porn-for-chinese-stuck-under-virus-lockdown/ FP report
** (<<chinese-government-media,biased>>) http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-12/25/c_138657340.htm "China intensifies crackdown on pornography, illegal publications"
* 2018-01-15 https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-42640569 "Sora Aoi: Japan's porn star who taught a Chinese generation about sex. When Japanese actress and former porn star Sora Aoi announced her marriage online, it set off a frenzy on Chinese social media."
* 2017-06-17 https://qz.com/1001366/how-the-chinese-watch-porn-on-chinas-censored-internet/ "Watching porn on China’s censored internet is an infinitely evolving cat-and-mouse game"

[[intercourse]]
.Human https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_penis[penis] (https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/人類陰莖[陰莖]) penetrating a human <<vagina,vagina>> while wearing a condom during https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercourse[human sexual intercourse] (https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/性交[性交]), showing the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_birds_and_the_bees[naturally occuring bees] that automatically appear during the event to obscure the view and prevent <<github>> from taking down this page. This is also basically what all porn looks like (sometimes without the bees), and it is very, very boring to watch. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Coitus20092.JPG[background Source] and https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Delivery_Bee.png[bee source].