README.adoc

.Dubstep Li can liangong at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep[dubstep] speed. https://giphy.com/gifs/dubstep-gifs-dubstepgifs-xUOwFY1prqgUdPuFvW[Source].
image::http://web.archive.org/web/20200229161316if_/https://i.giphy.com/media/xUOwFY1prqgUdPuFvW/giphy.webp[height=400]

===== Some FLG people make phone telemarketing

I've seen that happen, they made phone calls to people in China to explain why FLG is good, and I disapprove of it.

Visual ads on the street on Internet I can stand, but not any kind of advertising that generates notifications on my feeds.

==== Falun Gong bibliography

* https://www.quora.com/Why-is-the-Chinese-government-against-Falun-Gong
* http://www.zhihu.com/question/23988890 (https://web.archive.org/web/20160311140407/https://www.zhihu.com/question/23988890[archive]) "全能神教在境外，法轮功也在境外，为什么他们不祸害境外人民、偏偏只祸害大陆人？"

[[politicians]]
== Politicians 政治家

[[xi-jinping]]
=== Xi Jinping 习近平

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi_Jinping

==== Xi abolishes term limits 2018-03

* 包子露宪 https://chinadigitaltimes.net/2018/03/phrase-week-steamed-bun-betrays-constitution
* https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/10/world/asia/china-xi-jinping-term-limit-explainer.html

.<<rebel-pepper>> cartoon showing Xi Jinping preparing to sleep in https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mausoleum_of_Mao_Zedong[Mao Zedong's tomb], meaning that Xi also wants to reach Mao's "eternal ruler" status when he abolished term limits in 2018. https://www.rfa.org/english/cartoons/XiJinping-Eternity-cartoon-02282018104813.html[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20191013080140if_/https://www.rfa.org/english/cartoons/XiJinping-Eternity-cartoon-02282018104813.html/180227RFA-XiJinping-Eternity.jpg[height=400]

.1977 photo showing Mao's actual glass tomb during his funeral, with famous politicians in the background. It is interesting to see that Mao https://mummipedia.fandom.com/wiki/Mao_Zedong[features on the "Fandom Mummipedia Wiki"]. https://apnews.com/a94a0d7a824b474fb11545e8c4481c21[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20200121105502if_/https://storage.googleapis.com/afs-prod/media/media:c65bb5f4e2664bb88aae7881f8adbba0/800.jpeg[height=400]

.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Economist[The Economist] "Let’s party like it’s 1793" cover from May 4th – 10th 2013 depicting a painting of Xi Jinping dressed as emperor of China. The famous https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qianlong_Empero[Qianlong Emperor] was in power at that time. The title is likely a joke based on the more well known https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/party-like-its-1969-woodstock-forty-years-on-1722695.html["Let's party like it's 1969"] due to the legendary https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodstock[Woodstock festival]. Party is also a play on words between the Communist Party and a night party. TODO why 1793 specifically. https://twitter.com/TheEconomist/status/329929668155293696[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20200225220314/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/BJQlSP_CQAA52BG?format=jpg[height=600]

[[xi-jinping-memes]]
==== Xi Jinping memes 习近平模因

* 習包子: https://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=29230 says:
+
____
Xi Jinping got his nickname as "Xí bāozi 習包子" ("steamed stuffed bun Xi") due to the much publicized visit he made to the famous Qìngfēng bāozi pù 庆丰包子铺 ("Qingfeng baozi shop") in Beijing.  During and after his visit to the shop, media swarmed over the place and were eager to portray an image of Xi as being down to earth and close to the people.  Those who dislike Xi use this nickname sarcastically against him for being a hick and for hypocritically "putting on a show" (zuòxiù 作秀).
____
+
See also: <<buns>>.
* 大撒币: https://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=29230 says:
+
____
It can be translated as "big spender," a play on the literal translation of the words sā bì 撒币 "throw money" and "stupid cunt" (shǎ bī 傻逼). The nickname takes aim at the economic aid Xi has promised to foreign countries; the moniker is so widely used on Chinese social media that the censors' repressive measures only draw more attention to it, and to the criticism embedded within it.
____
+
See also: <<shitpost>>.

[[chrysanthemium-xi-jinping]]
===== Chrysanthemium Xi Jinping 菊花习近平

Got creator Dai Jianyong (戴建勇) arrested in 2015:

* https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/chinese-artist-who-posted-funny-image-of-president-xi-jinping-facing-five-years-in-prison-as-10282630.html
* https://chinadigitaltimes.net/2015/05/artist-detained-after-posting-humorous-photo-of-xi-jinping/

.Chrysanthemum Xi Jinping with <<tiananmen,六四>> spice added by Ciro Santilli
image::{cirosantilli-media-base}/Chrysanthemum_Xi_Jinping_with_black_red_liusi_added_by_Ciro_Santilli.jpg[height=400]

.Original Chrysanthemum Xi Jinping by Dai Jianyong published in 2015. https://chinadigitaltimes.net/2015/05/artist-detained-after-posting-humorous-photo-of-xi-jinping/[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20200113200256im_/https://chinadigitaltimes.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/daijianyong.jpeg[height=400]

.Possible original Xi Jinping photo used for Chrysanthemum Xi, possibly from 2012. The light blue gradient background was used for the official photos of many Communist officials of the era. http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2111975_2111976_2112111,00.html[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20190417164247im_/http://img.timeinc.net/time/2012/t100/t100_xi_alt.jpg[height=400]

[[winnie-the-pooh]]
===== Comparisons between Xi Jinping and Winnie-the-Pooh 小熊維尼

Got censored due to comparisons between Xi Jinping and Winnie in 2017: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winnie-the-Pooh#Censorship_in_China

Some good photoshops:

.Comparison image between Xi Jinping waking with then USA president https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama[Barack Obama] with a Winnie-the-Pooh cartoon still of Winnie walking with https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigger[Tigger, the tiger]. The original photo is from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-06-09/obama2c-xi-forge-rapport-in-debut-summit/4742616[Xi's 2013 visit to the Annenberg Retreat at Sunnylands, California]. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/07/17/oh-bother-chinese-censors-block-winnie-pooh-meme-comparing-xi/[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20170801011641if_/http://i.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/02590/TIGGER_2590531b.jpg[height=400]

.Comparison image between Xi Jinping shaking hands with https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shinz%C5%8D_Abe[the Japanese prime minister Shinzo Abe] and a Winnie-the-Pooh cartoon still of Winnie shaking hands with the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eeyore[Eeyore, the donkey]. The original photo is from https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/11/world/asia/leaders-of-china-and-japan-hold-long-awaited-meeting.html[Abe's lacklustre 2014 visit to Beijing]. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/aug/07/china-bans-winnie-the-pooh-film-to-stop-comparisons-to-president-xi[Source].
image::http://web.archive.org/web/20191012100528im_/https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/84b60992d857bccf54c384e4ebeb0ea7f207246b/37_0_752_451/master/752.jpg?width=620&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=e33410b2fb10c3d6de6a6ed65b6a7d8e[height=400]

.Comparison image between Xi Jinping on a car in a 2015 military parade and a toy Winnie-the-Pooh on a car. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/blogs-china-blog-40627855[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20191012100855oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/624/cpsprodpb/DD1F/production/_96970665_4587b36b-011f-4007-b16f-34389d385aec.jpg[height=400]

[[jiang-zemin]]
=== Jiang Zemin 江泽民

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiang_Zemin
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/江泽民

<<dictatorship,Dictator>> from 1989 to 2002.

Jiang is often compared to a toad in a meme what is referred to as toad worship (膜蛤), further keywords: 蛤蟆

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toad_worship
* https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/膜蛤文化

Jiang also has an amazing array of meme-ready funny expressions.

.Comparison between Jiang Zemin and a 72-feet-tall inflatable toad in a Beijing park seen in 2014 made the rounds on Weibo and led to some <<censorship,censorship>>. https://edition.cnn.com/2014/08/01/world/asia/toad-jiang-zemin/index.html[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20190928083410if_/https://cdn.cnn.com/cnnnext/dam/assets/140801124717-toad-jiang-zemin-split-horizontal-large-gallery.png[height=400]

.Jiang picking his nose. https://pieceofmindful.com/2013/12/12/chinese-exceptionalism/[Source].
image::http://web.archive.org/web/20200311093005if_/https://pieceofmind.files.wordpress.com/2013/12/jiang-zemin-former-president-china.jpg[height=400]

.Jiang reading through comically large magnifying glass during the opening ceremony of the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_National_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_China[19th Party Congress] in 2017. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/18/back-from-the-dead-chinas-internet-goes-wild-over-youthful-jiang-zemin[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20190111105703im_/https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/0adcb9d8e3bd4593ce5075b4eee109f6cf3a3315/0_0_2048_1229/master/2048.jpg?width=620&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=8e9f9a4929b37518887108431fa80981[height=400]

.More Jiang funny expressions and Photoshops from a Research Gate page! https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Jiang-as-emoticons-often-used-in-chats_fig4_325864518[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20200311092251if_/https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kecheng_Fang/publication/325864518/figure/fig4/AS:650525523574786@1532108779265/Jiang-as-emoticons-often-used-in-chats.png[height=400]

[[mao-zedong]]
=== Mao Zedong 毛泽东

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mao_Zedong
* https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/毛泽东

.Mao Zedong in Yan'an in the 1930's thinking deeply. This funny looking picture is meme ready and https://uncyclopedia.ca/wiki/Chairman_Mao[much loved by Uncyclopedia]. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mao_Zedong_in_Yan%27an.jpg[Source].
image::https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Mao_Zedong_in_Yan%27an.jpg[height=400]

[[great-leap-forward]]
==== Great Leap Forward 大跃进 (1958-1960)

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Leap_Forward
* https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/大跃进

.A high tower of https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wax_gourd[winter gourds] "冬瓜上高楼" propaganda poster for the Great Leap Forward by https://chineseposters.net/artists/jinmeisheng.php[Jin Meisheng] published in 1959. <<western-democracies-are-not-perfect,Even in democracies>>, politicians promise the fat gourds. But when there is <<censorship,no free media to control their>> lies, things can get really out of hand. http://www.iisg.nl/exhibitions/chairman/chn11.php[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20200131210244/https://live.staticflickr.com/4135/4754681204_1784cd9f89_w.jpg[height=600]

[[cultural-revolution]]
==== Cultural Revolution 文化大革命 (1966-1976)

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_Revolution
* https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/文化大革命

[[news]]
== News 新闻

Trying to keep only "neutral" sources here, let me know if you spot something too biased: <<biased-media>>.

How I find them: <<anti-commie-info>>.

=== News 2019

* 2020-01 https://www.scmp.com/news/china/politics/article/3045657/china-human-rights-activist-ding-jiaxi-under-investigation one more human rights person Ding Jiaxi. The list is endless, should we care?

=== News 2019

* 2019-12-18 Fudan University in China removes "freedom of thought" from university charters, students protes
* 2019-10-16 https://www.theregister.co.uk/2019/10/16/gitlab_employees_gagged/ GitLab prevents employees from discussing politics at work, and will not veto clients. This is not confirmed, but I guess it is very likely in reply to the <<2019-hong-kong-anti-extradition-bill-protests>> given the timing. The https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/www-gitlab-com/merge_requests/30656[merge request] (http://web.archive.org/web/20191017080216/https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/www-gitlab-com/merge_requests/30656[archive]).
* Twitter to block operations by oppressive foreign state media
** https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/company/2019/information_operations_directed_at_Hong_Kong.html Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/China/comments/csodbt/twitter_suspends_nearly_1000_accounts_connected/
** https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/company/2019/advertising_policies_on_state_media.html Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/China/comments/csnsyn/twitter_policy_change_we_will_not_accept/
* 2019-07-12 https://www.apnews.com/a2584de07c014e4786a21bcf9f446a40 "37 countries rally around China at top UN human rights body"
** <<biased-media,(biased)>> http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-07/15/c_138229200.htm
** the full scanned letter: https://twitter.com/KevinPinner/status/1151868854781526016
* 2019-07-02 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/02/chinese-border-guards-surveillance-app-tourists-phones "Chinese border guards put secret surveillance app on tourists' phones"
* 2019-06-18 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WmId2ZP3h0c "Inside China's 'thought transformation' camps - BBC News" China gives BBC "access" to a chosen show camp where everyone claims is happy and willing to stay. Amazing dark-comedy like stuff.
* 2019-05-09 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t2hBtXdaYsQ&list=PLcZOZrP1P_V5d7RMOKXF1PT70fcfYJpgY&index=2&t=14s Cynthia Liu, daughter of Liu Changming pleas freedom on YouTube, commented upload by CBS, TODO can't find original video on YouTube, maybe they sent straight to CBS?
* 2019-04-28 https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-48084019 Hong Kong: Thousands protest against China extradition law
** https://www.reddit.com/r/China/comments/auqkdl/biotech_giant_thermo_fisher_stops_selling_dna/
* 2019-01 https://www.apnews.com/40f7cf4c0c6e43f18121af93f1e418f7 Microsoft Bing https://www.bing.com/ search engine blocked in China
* 2019-01 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/02/business/china-internet-censor.html interview with Beyondsoft, a company that offers censoring services

[[nine-nine-six-icu]]
==== 996.ICU

https://github.com/996icu/996.ICU

Repository published in 2019-04 protesting against excessive work hours by Chinese programmers.

The name refers to:

* "996": work from 9AM to 9PM 6 days a week
* "ICU": https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensive_care_unit[Intensive Care Unit]

Reached 180k stars in a week, and was the second most starred repository as of 2019-10 https://github.com/search?q=stars%3A%3E100&s=stars&type=Repositories[] (https://web.archive.org/web/20191023084929/https://github.com/search?q=stars%3A%3E100&s=stars&type=Repositories[archive])!!!

This is therefore the best example for Chinese tech workers that freedom of speech is a good thing.

Coverage:

* https://www.reddit.com/r/China/comments/b927sk/tencent_xiaomi_and_others_block_github_page/
* https://www.reddit.com/r/cscareerquestions/comments/b8t8cc/overworked_chinese_developers_gather_on_github_to/

.996.ICU logo. https://github.com/996icu[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20191023085035/https://avatars3.githubusercontent.com/u/48942249[height=400]

=== News 2018

* 2018-11 https://www.businessinsider.com/liu-changming-china-holds-officials-family-hostage-to-force-return-2018-11 China is holding a renegade official's family hostage to pressure him to come back. Western media, for the love of God, include names in Chinese news titles: Liu Changming, wife Sandra Han, children Victor and Cynthia Liu.
* 2018-08 https://theintercept.com/2018/08/08/google-censorship-china-blacklist/
* 2018-06 https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2018/06/china-bans-online-mention-of-john-oliver-after-he-mocks-chinas-president/ https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x6m5b3o
* 2018-05 https://www.whatsonweibo.com/public-shaming-of-drug-users-in-guangdong-drug-related-crimes-in-family-painted-on-houses/
* 2018-04 https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-china-lawmaking/china-makes-defaming-revolutionary-heroes-punishable-by-law-idUKKBN1HY16C
* 2018-04 https://chinadigitaltimes.net/2018/04/translation-open-letter-on-peking-university-metoo-case/ https://github.com/sikaozhe1997/Xin-Yue
* 2018-04 https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/congressional-leaders-urge-us-to-press-china-over-reports-of-mass-uighur-detentions/2018/04/05/9bd17c90-38b3-11e8-b57c-9445cc4dfa5e_story.html
* 2018-03 https://supchina.com/2018/03/29/no-tattoos-at-the-2018-strawberry-music-festival-in-hangzhou/ Funny pics at: http://app.myzaker.com/news/article.php?f=xiongzhang&pk=5ac0eb1877ac6465da676481
* 2018-02 https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/25/world/asia/china-xi-jinping.html
* 2018-02 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jan/25/at-least-120000-muslim-uighurs-held-in-chinese-re-education-camps-report
* 2018-01 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jan/19/outspoken-chinese-human-rights-lawyer-yu-wensheng-arrested
* 2018-01 https://www.reuters.com/article/us-hongkong-politics/hong-kong-activist-banned-from-by-election-in-what-pro-democracy-party-calls-payback-idUSKBN1FG06P
* 2018-01 https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/12/world/asia/china-church-dynamite.html
* 2018-01 http://uk.businessinsider.com/china-marriott-tweets-censorship-2018-1?r=US&IR=T Marriott lists <<taiwan,Taiwan>> as country in the website
* 2018-01 http://chuangcn.org/2018/01/the-mastermind/
* 2018-01 http://time.com/5112061/china-hip-hop-ban-tattoos-television/

=== News 2017

* 2017-12 https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/25/world/asia/china-wu-gan-sentence.html
* 2017-11 低端人口 Low-end population
** https://qz.com/1138395/low-end-population-what-you-need-to-know-about-chinas-crackdown-on-migrant-workers/
* 2017-11 https://www.reddit.com/r/China/comments/7a7hf9/the_worlds_largest_academic_publisher_blocks/ Springer nature pulls sensitive articles. TODO article list.
* 2017-09 https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/25/business/china-whatsapp-blocked.html
* 2017-08 http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/china-muslim-minority-school-language-ban-han-xinjiang-uyghur-hotan-hetian-government-communist-a7873446.html
* 2017-07 https://qz.com/1056938/cambridge-university-press-china-quarterly-complies-with-censorship-removes-300-articles-on-topics-like-tiananmen-and-tibet-in-china/ Book list: https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-file-manager/file/59970028145fd05f66868bf5?utm_content=bufferb652b&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=buffer archive: http://web.archive.org/web/20170905214500/https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-file-manager/file/59970028145fd05f66868bf5?utm_content=bufferb652b&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=buffer
* 2017-07 https://techcrunch.com/2017/07/29/apple-removes-vpn-apps-from-the-app-store-in-china/
* 2017-07 http://shanghaiist.com/2017/07/26/liu-xia-home-visit.php
* 2017-06 http://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/ordered-05092017155554.html Uyghurs studying abroad ordered to return to China
* 2017-06 http://mashable.com/2017/06/23/china-bans-livestreaming/#FJ4h.sLYQqq9
* 2017-05 https://qz.com/989454/a-chinese-students-commencement-speech-at-the-university-of-maryland-praising-fresh-air-and-democracy-is-riling-chinas-internet/
* 2017-05 http://www.sixthtone.com/news/1000233/at-wedding-market%2C-mothers-of-gays-and-lesbians-face-resistance
* 2017-05 https://ktar.com/story/1564381/ap-exclusive-china-lawyers-family-says-us-helped-them-flee
* 2017-04 https://citizenlab.ca/2017/04/we-cant-chat-709-crackdown-discussions-blocked-on-weibo-and-wechat/
* 2017-04 https://chinachange.org/2017/05/03/breaking-lawyer-chen-jiangang-with-family-and-two-friends-seized-by-armed-police-in-yunnan/
* 2017-03 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-39137293 BBC Team forced to sign confession

=== News 2016

* 2016-11 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/video_and_audio/headlines/38005603 Election china style, BBC interview with Chinese candidate, while thugs block him physically from nocking the door: Funny / scary stuff. https://www.reddit.com/r/China/comments/5dfigb/this_is_democracy_chinesestyle/
* 2016-11 https://www.reddit.com/r/China/comments/5ai1s6/chinese_citizen_arrested_after_wearing_xitler/ https://wqw2010.blogspot.co.uk/2016/10/101.html Possible Twitter: https://twitter.com/kwonpyong
* 2016-09: http://qz.com/783026/china-censorship-chinese-citizens-are-being-arrested-for-sharing-news-about-the-wukan-village-rebellion-online/ http://qz.com/781989/foreign-journalists-are-wanted-for-3000-by-chinese-authorities-for-inciting-unrest-in-a-village/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wukan_protests
* 2016-06 https://www.theguardian.com/music/2016/jun/28/china-lady-gaga-ban-list-hostile-foreign-forces-meeting-dalai-lama
* 2016-06 https://github.com/github/gov-takedowns/blob/78775b09e64d85f08547287cab204b48b2491192/China/2016/2016-06-08-programthink-zhao.md first GitHub takedown, see also: <<programthink>>
* 2016 http://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/12/world/asia/china-britain-queen-xi-jinping.html?_r=0 queen says Chinese were rude in state visit
* 2016 http://shanghaiist.com/2016/05/06/dont_eat_that_banana.php Sexy banana eating forbidden
* 201X http://qz.com/671211/chinas-propaganda-outlets-have-leaped-the-top-of-facebook-even-though-it-banned-at-home/ Chinese government uses forbidden media in China like Facebook and Twitter, possibly click farmed
* 2016-04 http://blogs.reuters.com/great-debate/2016/01/26/china-threatens-sanctions-against-u-s-companies-is-this-the-future/ China economic sanctions companies that sell weapons to <<taiwan,Taiwan>> (some of those companies also sell civilian products to China)
* 2016-04 http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/china-demands-shutdown-disneylife-service-887599 Disney Life blocked
* 2016-04 http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/china-demands-shutdown-apples-film-886831 Apple iTunes and iBooks blocked
* 2016 http://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-news-from-elsewhere-35968855 China's 'Great Firewall' blocks its creator
* 2016 Panama papers 巴拿马文件
** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_Papers
** https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%BF%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6
** mention Deng Jiagui 邓家贵 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deng_Jiagui , who is <<xi-jinping>>'s brother-in-law
* 2016 http://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2016/mar/04/china-bans-gay-people-television-clampdown-xi-jinping-censorship gay depiction banned on television
* 2016 http://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-35496562 Armani Communist - http://www.ibtimes.com/xi-jinping-wants-overhaul-image-chinas-rich-kids-1961207 - first section of https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZKQ5ijFZ_j8
* 2016 http://freebeacon.com/national-security/chinese-defector-reveals-beijings-secrets/ Ling Wancheng defects
* 2016 http://chinachange.org/2016/01/21/activist-in-xinjiang-sentenced-to-19-years-for-online-writings-and-rights-activities/ Zhang Haitao (张海涛) faces 19 years in jail for his blog posts
* 2016 http://money.cnn.com/2016/01/20/technology/facebook-android-tor/ Facebook Android app implements Tor option
* 2016 https://www.reddit.com/r/China/comments/41y6ig/hong_kong_movie_predicts_dark_future_for_city/ Honk Kong (2016) movie

=== News 2015

* 2015-11 http://technode.com/2015/11/24/surge-advanced-proxy-tool-ios-pulled-app-store/
* 2015-09 https://www.hongkongfp.com/2015/09/03/in-pictures-censored-memes-search-terms-and-images-from-chinas-wwii-parade/
* 2015 https://news.vice.com/article/the-missing-hong-kong-booksellers-family-isnt-buying-his-televised-confession Gui Minhai, 51, from publisher Mighty Current who was going to publish a book about <<xi-jinping>>'s love life.
** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gui_Minhai
** 2020: stenced to 10 years https://www.hongkongfp.com/2020/02/25/bookseller-gui-minhai-jailed-10-years-china-illegally-providing-intelligence-overseas-parties
** Lam Wingkee is another one of the detaine bookselers of the Causeway Bay Books group
*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lam_Wing-kee
*** https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dHq0f_eGLhE 2016 interview in freedom
*** https://china-journal.org/2019/04/27/abducted-hong-kong-bookseller-has-fled-to-taiwan-to-avoid-extradition-to-china/
* <<taiwan-number-one>>
* 2015 Taiwanese beauty queen kicked out of Miss Earth pageant for refusing to change `Taiwan ROC' sash to `Chinese Taipei' http://shanghaiist.com/2015/11/23/miss-earth-ting-wen-yin.php
* 2015 https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2015/08/speech-enables-speech-china-takes-aim-its-coders https://github.com/shadowsocks/shadowsocks shadowsocks creator threatened
* 2015 http://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-34630829 Lego refuses to sell to Ai Weiwei
* 2015 http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/13/world/asia/china-bao-zhuoxuan-son-wang-yu-rights-lawyer-house-arrest.html Bao Zhuoxuan 16-year old son of human rights layer in house arrest
* 2015 Human rights activists crackdown 200+ in jail
** http://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/23/world/asia/china-crackdown-human-rights-lawyers.html
** http://edition.cnn.com/2015/07/13/china/china-activists-arrests/
** http://time.com/3954935/china-arrests-lawyers-human-rights/
** https://program-think.blogspot.com/2015/07/weekly-share-90.html
** https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B710%E3%80%8C%E7%B6%AD%E6%AC%8A%E5%BE%8B%E5%B8%AB%E3%80%8D%E5%A4%A7%E6%8A%93%E6%8D%95%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6
** #710律师劫
** https://program-think.blogspot.com/2015/07/weekly-share-90.html
* 2015-03 China forces real usernames on the net, and provoking ones
** https://advox.globalvoices.org/2015/04/16/new-internet-rules-in-china-target-usernames-avatars-as-subversive-tools/
** http://www.engadget.com/2015/02/28/china-username-policy-purge/

=== News pre-2015

* 2014 https://www.reddit.com/r/China/comments/4hmhzt/xinjiang_massacre_2014_resulted_in_30005000_deaths/ something very serious happened in Xinjiang.
* 2014 https://youtu.be/Gq1B3Hgclyo?t=261 http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/28/china-media-watchdog-bans-wordplay-puns pun control
* 2013 https://www.ft.com/content/db8b9e36-1119-11e8-940e-08320fc2a277 Peter Humphrey
* 2012 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuctech. One of the most blocked on Wikipedia according to: link:complete-gfw-rulebook-for-wikipedia-v3.0.pdf[] Nutech Namiba Hu Haifeng corruption scandal 纳米比亚威视胡海峰腐败丑闻
* 2011 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Chinese_pro-democracy_protests https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E8%8C%89%E8%8E%89%E8%8A%B1%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD Chinese pro-democracy protests
* 2010 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8682145.stm 10 month Xinjiang internet blackout
* 2009 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tan_Zuoren#2009_court_case Ai Weiwei documentary about it: https://aiweiwei.com/documentaries/disturbing-the-peace/index.html
* 2008 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tofu-dreg_project 豆腐渣工程 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China%27s_Unnatural_Disaster:_The_Tears_of_Sichuan_Province
* 2008 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou_train_collision#Government_response https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011%E5%B9%B4%E7%94%AC%E5%8F%B0%E6%B8%A9%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E5%88%97%E8%BD%A6%E8%BF%BD%E5%B0%BE%E4%BA%8B%E6%95%85 Wenzhou train collision 2011年甬台温铁路列车追尾事故:
* 2008 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Tibetan_unrest https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%E5%B9%B4%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%8F%E9%AA%9A%E4%B9%B1 Tibetan unrest 西藏骚乱
** https://file.wikileaks.org/file/tibet-protest-photos/ Good gory photos from the event.
* 2005 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dongzhou_protests https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%B4%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6 Dongzhou protests
* 1999 http://www.lionsroar.com/apple-thinks-different-about-the-dalai-lama-in-china-2/ Apple censors Dalai Lama for China
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1986_Chinese_student_demonstrations https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E5%85%AD%E5%AD%A6%E6%BD%AE 八六学潮
* 1987–1989 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1987%E2%80%9389_Tibetan_unrest https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989%E5%B9%B4%E6%8B%89%E8%90%A8%E9%AA%9A%E4%B9%B1. Videos: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0jylh1qfOG4, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qMZgoRuPJBg Tibetan unrest 年拉萨骚乱
* 1978, 1997 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing_Spring https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E4%B9%8B%E6%98%A5 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy_Wall https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%8D%95%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%A2%99

[[tiananmen]]
==== Tiananmen Square Protests of 1989 六四事件

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E5%9B%9B%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goddess_of_Democracy https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/中国国际广播电台
* AP footage is pretty good, just do a search on the archive:
** http://www.aparchive.com/metadata/China-Student-Demonstrations/5d1cd01250c9e5e9397f20ef9f1327df
** http://www.aparchive.com/metadata/China-Student-Demonstrations/cfc6890746010c73f9414e20906268aa
* Zhang Shijun is the most notable soldier who spoke up it seems:
** https://chinadigitaltimes.net/2009/03/china-detains-writer-of-critical-web-letter-to-hu/
** https://www.rfa.org/english/news/china/flashbacks-06042018133558.html
** https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/mar/20/tiananmen-square-china-zhang-shijun
* http://www.ursulagauthier.fr/tiananmen-15-minutes-dapocalypse/  (https://web.archive.org/web/20190607142501/http://www.ursulagauthier.fr/tiananmen-15-minutes-dapocalypse/[archive]) a few gory photos

.Sea of protesters in Tiananmen Square. No, not even that many people can influence dictatorships if they don't have weapons. https://abcnews.go.com/International/tiananmen-square-29th-anniversary-crackdown/story?id=55564966[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20190714002904im_/https://s.abcnews.com/images/International/tiananmen-massacre-gty-04-jpo-180531_hpEmbed_3x2_992.jpg[height=600]

.Corpses by the road in after the Tiananmen Square Protests were crushed. http://www.ursulagauthier.fr/tiananmen-15-minutes-dapocalypse/[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20190607142501im_/http://www.ursulagauthier.fr/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Tiananmen-7-715x1024.jpg[height=600]

.Godzilla https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Peng[Li Peng (李鹏)] crushing the Tiananmen Square protests with his green eye laser beams. https://en.uncyclopedia.co/wiki/File:Li_at_Tiananmen_Eyebeams.jpg[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/save/_embed/https://images.uncyclomedia.co/uncyclopedia/en/d/dd/Li_at_Tiananmen_Eyebeams.jpg[height=400]

[[tiananmen-songs]]
===== Tiananmen Square Protests songs 六四事件歌曲

English:

* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JTWXqUPQ7I["China" by Joan Baez] from the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speaking_of_Dreams[Speaking of Dreams (1989) album]. Folk.
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6OOlXJs4I8k["The blood is on the square" by Phillip Morgan] from https://www.amazon.com/Blood-Square-Philip-Morgan/dp/B001H5S7OS[1990]. Folk.
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MAZK4apK8Bg[Same Cry (Feat. L.T.; Explicit)] by https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MC_Jin[MC Jin] from the 2004 album "The Rest Is History'. Hip hop American born Hakka Chinese.

Chinese:

* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m7uk0-vlpP0["Nothing to My Name (一無所有)" by Cui Jian (崔健)] from 1986
** Lyrics and translation https://eastasiastudent.net/china/mandarin/cui-jian-nothing-to-my-name/
** Chorus: "你合适跟我走" which translates to "When will you walk with me?" Could be talking directly to the Government.
** The singer is/was very popular, the song was composed in 1986, but was very popular at the time of the protests, and became kind of a hymn.
** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cui_Jian#Tiananmen_and_aftermath
** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nothing_to_My_Name
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JdE4Ehte4uU["The square (廣場)" by Li Zhi (李志)] from 2019. Slow/sad mood pop/rock.
** https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/jun/2/li-zhi-singer-missing-china-cracks-down-tiananmen-/ the singer disappeared from public view in June 2019 and his songs were purged from public listings
** https://medium.com/@sunlitmount/forbidden-songs-of-li-zhi-square-for-tiananmen-massacre-at-june-4th-1989-f22e7e2dc21a lyrics and translation
** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Zhi_(singer)
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F8lWiWaSTtg[History's wound (历史的伤口)] 1989-5-28 song by several <<taiwan,Taiwanese>> singers
** https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/历史的伤口
** Lyrics: https://mojim.com/cny100375x11x1.htm

Cantonese

* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9L_qz7LuqVU&t=53s[The flower of freedom (自由花)] from 1989
** https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/自由花
** Lyrics: https://mojim.com/cny100293x15x4.htm

Other good lists:

* https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/六四歌曲 Wikipedia page with an infinite list of songs
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T8vMVrLBiW4&list=PLNRZ41lXl9e5iAXH_94DHiLPx_a9Yn711 六四学运 歌 playlist by 杰克 .龙光复民国天下为公
* https://coconuts.co/hongkong/lifestyle/from-80s-rock-to-patriotic-anthems-6-songs-associated-with-tiananmen-square/
* https://www.hongkongfp.com/2016/06/04/the-last-gunshot-the-musical-legacy-of-the-1989-tiananmen-massacre/

[[tank-man]]
===== Tank Man 坦克人

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tank_Man https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9D%A6%E5%85%8B%E4%BA%BA

Good list of all known photos: https://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2014/05/30/the-other-tank-man-photographs/

A list of Tank Man parodies can be found at: https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/tank-man

CNN video of Tank Man: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YeFzeNAHEhU[] but not showing removal, ridiculous, is there a full raw footage somewhere?

Several quick cuts by CBS news that give a good overview: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vSbx352cn8A

Tank man song (坦克人歌曲) by Xu Lin (徐琳): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z8A623aImt8

____
我是坦克人
站在天安门

I am tank man
I stand at Tiananmen
____

Full lyrics: https://gist.github.com/cirosantilli/698afcd05c5ad94297000f8c60b43473

.Arthur Tsang's photo of Tank Man. https://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2014/05/30/the-other-tank-man-photographs/[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20190808091019im_/http://s.wsj.net/public/resources/images/BN-CZ715_tam2_G_20140529081612.jpg[height=400]

.Stuart Franklin's wider view photo of Tank Man. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tankman_new_longshot_StuartFranklin.jpg[Source].
image::https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/28/Tankman_new_longshot_StuartFranklin.jpg[height=600]

.Terril Jones photo taken at ground level with Tank Man on background and men running away on the foreground. The photo was only published in 2009. https://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2014/05/30/the-other-tank-man-photographs/[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20191030232817im_/http://s.wsj.net/public/resources/images/BN-CZ712_TAM_G_20140529081150.jpg[height=600]

.Photoshop of Arthur Tsang's photo of Tank Man with huge rubber ducks replacing the tanks. Inspired by a https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rSo5MqQVwCY[huge inflatable rubber duck sculpture floating in Hong Kong in 2013]. https://petapixel.com/2013/06/05/yellow-duck-version-of-tank-man-photo-goes-viral-amidst-chinese-censorship[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20140722052337im_/http://petapixel.com/assets/uploads/2013/06/duckytankman.jpg[height=600]

.Rough https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lego[Lego] model of the Tank Man scene. https://knowyourmeme.com/photos/1499216-tank-man[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/save/_embed/https://i.kym-cdn.com/photos/images/newsfeed/001/499/216/29f.png[height=400]

.it8Bit https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Final_Fantasy_VI[Final Fantasy 6] battle screen style depiction of tank man by Cody Walton. https://www.it8bit.com/post/25860395424/unknown-rebel[Source]
image::http://web.archive.org/web/20200301203622if_/https://66.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_m66n5i3smc1qbw2q1o1_1280.png[height=600]

[[dissidents]]
== Dissidents 持不同政见者

Other lists:

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Chinese_dissidents
** https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/中华人民共和国被捕政治犯列表
* https://www.frontlinedefenders.org/en/location/china Front Line Defenders
* https://www.nchrd.org/ Chinese Human Rights Defenders

[[xu-xiaodong]]
=== Xu Xiaodong "Mad Dog" 徐晓冬

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xu_Xiaodong
* https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E6%99%93%E5%86%AC

MMA fighter who beat up some kung-fu masters to prove that MMA is more effective than their traditional styles.

As of 2019, he had 14 Weibo accounts blocked (created one, got blocked, created another, got blocked, etc.). Source: https://www.inkstonenews.com/society/chinas-mma-fighter-xu-xiaodong-fight-survival/article/3047417

Profiles and news:

* 2020-01-28 https://www.inkstonenews.com/society/chinas-mma-fighter-xu-xiaodong-fight-survival/article/3047417

.Uphold science, eradicate superstition "崇尚科学，破除迷信" 1999 poster by the CCP created as an <<falun-gong,anti-Falun Gong>> propaganda likely based on a http://www.people.com.cn/GB/channel1/10/20000710/137317.html[more widely widespread slogan] (https://web.archive.org/web/20090428155413/http://www.people.com.cn/GB/channel1/10/20000710/137317.html[archive]). So why is Xiaodong not being supported by the CCP now that he is beating superstition back into its place? Once again, <<censorship-makes-countries-poorer>>. The poster features images related to the https://chineseposters.net/themes/space-program.php[Chinese space program], which is a major undertaking of the CCP and widely used propaganda point. https://chineseposters.net/themes/falun-gong.php[Source].
image::http://web.archive.org/web/20191206090021im_/http://chineseposters.net/images/e13-891.jpg[height=600]

.2017 Xu Xiaodong (MMA) Vs. Wei Lei (Tai Chi) summary GIF. https://www.inkstonenews.com/society/chinas-mma-fighter-xu-xiaodong-fight-survival/article/3047417[Source].
image::http://web.archive.org/web/20200201020038if_/https://cdn.i-scmp.com/sites/default/files/d8/images/2020/01/24/01.gif[height=400]

.2017 Xu Xiaodong (MMA) Vs. Wei Lei (Tai Chi) full fight. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0XwXaCbfIGw[Source].
video::0XwXaCbfIGw[youtube,height=400,width=600]

[[programthink]]
=== Programthink 编程随想

Very popular Chinese language anonymous blogger that publishes software programming tutorials and political content since 2009, often negative about the CCP, in particular <<censorship,anti-censorship>> and <<brainwashed-by-usa,anti-CCP-brainwashing>>.

* https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E9%9A%8F%E6%83%B3%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%9A%E5%AE%A2 (there is no English page as of January 2020)
* https://program-think.blogspot.com/ The blog. Blocked in China with the rest of 
** 2020 categorized summary of the best posts of all time: https://program-think.blogspot.com/2020/01/11-years-blogging.html
* https://github.com/programthink
** https://github.com/programthink/zhao manually curated database of maps relationships between Chinese politicians, this was the first <<github-gov-takedowns,GitHub gov-takedown from china>>: https://github.com/github/gov-takedowns/blob/36e76c34682d2b52eef405ca6f57e1b9ddde3086/China/2016/2016-06-08-programthink-zhao.md
+
The full project name is: 太子党关系网络 (network of relations of https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princelings[CCP princelings]).
+
The project is also known as "zhao" which is another slang reference to "太子党": "赵家人" (zhaojiaren == zhao family): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhao_family (https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E5%AE%B6%E4%BA%BA[zh]), which is in turn a reference to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhao_(state) or https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Zhao[].
* https://twitter.com/programthink
* DW coverage (Chinese): https://www.dw.com/zh/2013%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E4%B9%8B%E5%A3%B0%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8D%9A%E5%AE%A2%E5%A4%A7%E8%B5%9B%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E6%8F%90%E5%90%8D%E5%8D%9A%E5%AE%A2%E6%8F%AD%E6%99%93/a-16716065 (https://web.archive.org/web/20191202233838/https://www.dw.com/zh/2013%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E4%B9%8B%E5%A3%B0%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8D%9A%E5%AE%A2%E5%A4%A7%E8%B5%9B%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E6%8F%90%E5%90%8D%E5%8D%9A%E5%AE%A2%E6%8F%AD%E6%99%93/a-16716065[archive]) 2013德国之声国际博客大赛——中文提名博客揭晓 ""

.Programthink uses https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Thinker[Rodin's The Thinker sculpture] as its avatar. https://github.com/programthink/[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20191218082236if_/https://avatars0.githubusercontent.com/u/4027957?s=400&v=4[height=400]

== Media 媒体

Sources of information pertinent to this repository.

=== Commentary media

The following offer interesting commentary, but not to be used as primary sources:

* https://china-journal.org
* http://www.chinafile.com Some good articles. "ChinaFile is an online magazine published by the Center on U.S.-China Relations at Asia Society", based in New York.

=== Biased media

I consider the media in this section biased, and never cite it for fact checking.

==== Chinese government media

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xinhua_News_Agency[Xinhua News Agency]
** https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8D%8E%E7%A4%BE
** http://www.xinhuanet.com/
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Daily[People's Daily]
** https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%97%A5%E6%8A%A5
** http://people.cn/
** https://twitter.com/PDChina
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_Radio_International[China Radio International]
** https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E7%94%B5%E5%8F%B0
** http://www.cri.cn | http://english.cri.cn/
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_Daily[China Daily]
** https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E5%AD%90%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2
** http://www.economist.com/node/17969895
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_Central_Television[China Central Television (CCTV)]
** https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCgrNz-aDmcr2uuto8_DL2jg CGTN, CCTV's international branch in English
* http://facts.org.cn/ anti <<falun-gong>> website
** http://wap.kaiwind.com/
** I have no proof that this is linked to the government, but it is very likely, even the Chinese embassy website links to it:
*** http://www.china-embassy.org/eng/lj/t36322.htm
*** http://web.archive.org/web/20180414233331/http://www.china-embassy.org/eng/lj/t36322.htm

[[confucious-institute]]
===== Confucious institute 孔子学院

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confucius_Institute

News and reports:

* 2019-09 https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-49511231 (https://web.archive.org/web/20191013185933/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-49511231[archive]) "Confucius Institutes: The growth of China's controversial cultural branch"
* 2019-01 https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2019/01/11/u-s-universities-have-shut-down-confucius-institutes-heres-what-you-need-to-know/ (https://web.archive.org/web/20190616134959/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2019/01/11/u-s-universities-have-shut-down-confucius-institutes-heres-what-you-need-to-know/[archive]) "Why U.S. universities are shutting down China-funded Confucius Institutes"

[[cssa]]
===== Chinese Students and Scholars Association 中国学生学者联合会

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Students_and_Scholars_Association

Abbreviation: CSSA.

News and reports:

* 2019-10-13 https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-10-13/cssa-influence-australian-universities-documents-revealed/11587454 (https://web.archive.org/web/20191014032348/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-10-13/cssa-influence-australian-universities-documents-revealed/11587454[archive]) "Chinese Students and Scholars Association's deep links to the embassy revealed" in Australia.
* 2018-03-07 https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/03/07/chinas-long-arm-reaches-into-american-campuses-chinese-students-scholars-association-university-communist-party/ (https://web.archive.org/web/20191012103953/https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/03/07/chinas-long-arm-reaches-into-american-campuses-chinese-students-scholars-association-university-communist-party/[archive])

==== Falun Gong media

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Epoch_Times
** https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%BA%AA%E5%85%83%E6%97%B6%E6%8A%A5
* http://en.minghui.org/
** http://falundafa.org/ links to it
** http://www.clearwisdom.net/
* http://www.secretchina.com/
* http://fofg.org/
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_of_Hope
** http://www.soundofhope.org/
** http://www.bayvoice.net/gb/
* http://lotus-sacre.com/
* https://en.tuidang.org/
** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuidang_movement
* http://dongtaiwang.com
** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freegate

===== New Tang Dinasty Television

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Tang_Dynasty_Television

Related shows:

* https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%94%90%E4%BA%BA%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E5%8F%B0
* https://www.youtube.com/user/Laowaikanzhongguo Laowai kan Zhongguo
* https://www.youtube.com/user/NTDOffTheGreatWall Off the Great Wall

====== China Uncensored YouTube channel

https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCgFP46yVT-GG4o1TgXn-04Q

Older shows had ndt.tv water mark on top right, e.g. a 2013 video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nmMvS3lgJBs

The video description also links to http://e.ntd.tv/NTDChinaUncensored which is now down, but has archives such as http://web.archive.org/web/20130321071835/http://e.ntd.tv/NTDChinaUncensored which suggest a redirect back to the YouTube channel:

____
Redirecting to...

http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZZhVHPaO1ziCc9dRPrgbz2KU0aZF7CJ-
____

TODO why did newer videos remove the water mark and clear link? Did they break links, or just to hide Falun Gong influence?

Home page gives extremely unusual importance to Falun Gong resouces, e.g.:

* http://www.chinauncensored.tv/about/ (https://web.archive.org/web/20190426203719/http://www.chinauncensored.tv/about/[archive]) "China Uncensored is available to watch on this website, on YouTube, on New Tang Dynasty Television"
* http://www.chinauncensored.tv/campaigns/ (https://web.archive.org/web/20190512160736/http://www.chinauncensored.tv/campaigns/[archive]) "Chinese police illegally arrested Canadian citizen Sun Qian from her home in Beijing for practicing Falun Gong."

Related:

* https://www.quora.com/How-is-the-YouTube-show-China-Uncensored-funded
* https://www.quora.com/Is-the-YouTube-channel-China-Uncensored-a-trustworthy-source-of-information-on-China
* https://www.theepochtimes.com/youtube-scraped-most-popular-channel-on-china-politics-from-search-suggestions_2675796.html (https://web.archive.org/web/20190119083517/https://www.theepochtimes.com/youtube-scraped-most-popular-channel-on-china-politics-from-search-suggestions_2675796.html[archive]) Epoch Times highlights the channel "Why YouTube’s Most Popular Channel on China Politics Doesn’t Show in Search Suggestions"

==== USA government media

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_of_America
** http://www.voa.com/
** http://www.voachinese.com/
** http://www.voacantonese.com/

Partial support:

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boxun https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/博讯

[[radio-free-asia]]
===== Radio Free Asia 自由亚洲电台

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_Free_Asia | https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E7%94%B5%E5%8F%B0

Website: https://www.rfa.org

Just because they are/were funded/founded by the CIA, it doesn't mean that we can't use their xref:rebel-pepper[amazing satirical cartoons] to fight xref:dictatorship[], right?

[[videos]]
== Videos 视频

See my "China Politics" playlist for a collection of all sensitive videos I have ever found on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLcZOZrP1P_V5d7RMOKXF1PT70fcfYJpgY Ping me if you find any I haven't included.

Interesting videos that were deleted / made private since I added them:

* 2019-04-17 http://web.archive.org/web/20190424021220/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lPnnHCeRH3w the Leica ad: https://www.theverge.com/2019/4/19/18508009/leica-china-censored-ad-tiananmen-square-protests-weibo Re-upload by SCMP: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lcuLZDHLFt8
* 2019-05-18 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qAEUafI_lyI not on Web Archive, lesson learnt

[[funny]]
== Funny 搞笑

Humour is the greatest weapon against <<dictatorship,dictators>>:

* <<xi-jinping>>
** <<chrysanthemium-xi-jinping>>
** <<winnie-the-pooh>>
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Religious_Affairs_Bureau_Order_No._5 officially named "Measures on the Management of the Reincarnation of Living Buddhas" (藏传佛教活佛转世管理办法)
* https://www.reddit.com/r/China/comments/3pqljx/zimbabwes_ruthless_dictator_mugabe_wins_chinas/ 2015 Zimbabwe dictator wins Confucius prize
* http://www.miniharm.com/
* South Park S32 E1 "Band in China" (2019), episode criticizing Chinese censorship
** free preview https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g6DI6XuvCwE
** free episode but only for US / Canada... https://southpark.cc.com/full-episodes/s23e02-band-in-china
** reply from show creators to censorship https://twitter.com/SouthPark/status/1181273539799736320
** BBC's report https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-49968867
* https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EGPZYFeUUAAYMQf?format=jpg&name=large "Tibet, Uyghur, Hong Kong, World" China death knocking door cartoon. TODO source, originally seen at: https://twitter.com/Lawrence_HKer/status/1181026542786203648 (http://web.archive.org/web/20191008075035/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EGPZYFeUUAAYMQf?format=jpg[archive])

.Weibo logo vs Sauron's eye 微博标志vs索倫魔眼 by Ciro Santilli.
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20191013080406if_/https://i.imgur.com/eKPmYyz.png[height=400]

=== Cartoonists

Reasonable lists:

* http://caglecartoons.com/?s=China The website blocks Web Archive.

[[rebel-pepper]]
==== Rebel Pepper 变态辣椒

* https://twitter.com/remonwangxt
* https://rebelpeppercartoons.com/

Without a doubt, the greatest anti-Communist joke cartoonist of the 2010s.

As of 2019 he does work for xref:radio-free-asia[], so a possible list of all cartoons of this era can be found at: https://www.rfa.org/english/cartoons/story_archive

His best work can be found scattered throughout this document in the relevant sections.

==== Paresh Nath

Not China only like <<rebel-pepper>>, but does have some good China ones.

* https://www.cagle.com/author/paresh-nath/
** https://www.cagle.com/paresh-nath/2018/01/china-s-manipulation "We don't seek to conquer foreign lands", "It seeks to conquer foreign minds!"
** http://media.cagle.com/78/2017/03/08/192621_600.jpg "We believe in free trade and reforms"
** https://www.cagle.com/paresh-nath/2014/10/honk-kong-protests "Communism", "Democracy" and "Hong Kong" illustrates democracies disadvantage, that it is hard to get everyone on the same boat to fight together compared to dictatorships. This was also seen clearly on WW2 when the British government hesitated for a long time to attack while seeking peace, until Churchill stepped up.
* https://twitter.com/pareshnathtoons?lang=en
* https://www.cartooningforpeace.org/en/dessinateurs/paresh/

[[badiucao]]
==== Baidiucao 巴丢草

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badiucao

Has a more artistic red-black-white-yellow style.

[[falun-sweden]]
=== Falun, Sweden 法轮，瑞典

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falun

A Swedish University town called "Falun", with the same "Falun" Chinese characters as those in <<falun-gong>>, which got the town blocked by the <<internal-censorship,GFW>> on some websites, mentioned at:

* https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323926104578277511385052752
* https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%95%E5%80%AB&oldid=47709870#%E8%B6%A3%E9%97%BB

Known primarily for its mine, which was one of the oldest operating companies in the world: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falun_Mine

[[art]]
== Art 艺术

* https://www.yuumeiart.com/fisheye-placebo-chapters Fisheye Placebo by Wenqing Yan. Webcomic that talks a lot about climbing the xref:censorship[great wall]. Artist obviously pro-democracy: https://twitter.com/Yuumei_Art/status/1174394851179167744

[[policies]]
== Policies 政策

[[censorship]]
=== Censorship 审查

==== The Great Firewall is necessary to protect China from harmful USA propaganda

I don't think this is below the USA, but:

* without censorship, you would be much richer and stronger, and more able to defend yourselves
* why does China also censor its own people in addition to foreign propaganda?
* maybe this fear is greatly emphasised by the Chinese government beyond truth just to help them keep control of the country by fear and maintain their own power. Can the Americans really have that much influence in your country? <<fear-of-west>>
* maybe the regions that want to split from China feel like China is not giving them anything back, and they are themselves looking for allies outside of China to help them split. With democracy, people are more likely to get what they want, and there will be split parties and votes.
* the same argument can be used to justify any action, no matter how bad. E.g.: we must put all who criticize the government in jail, or else they will make China less united and weaker against the USA!

[[internal-censorship]]
===== Internal censorship is necessary to prevent fake USA accounts from creating harmful propaganda

The USA cannot create enough fake accounts to overwhelm real 1.5 billion Chinese accounts, especially considering things like forcing mobile number account verification.

Chinese politicians are just using this fear as an excuse to stay in power: <<fear-of-west>>.

What if a Chinese person who really loves China and wants to improve the country disagrees with the Government?

What if this person is right, and wants to express this publicly to get support and make change happen?

Should this person just be put into jail as is done currently? Do you really think that the CCP can never do anything seriously wrong? <<chinese-politicians-really-care-about-the-chinese-citizens>>?

When citizens stop trying to contribute due to fear, this is known as the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilling_effect[chilling effect (寒蝉效应)].

What if a <<is-chinese-politician-x-evil,politician>> does something bad, and <<corruption,suppresses the news to protect themselves>>?

Without freedom of speech, who will watch over the actions of those in power? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quis_custodiet_ipsos_custodes%3F[Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?]

____
I hear always the admonishment of my friends:

"Bolt her in, constrain her!"

But who will guard the guardians? The wife plans ahead and begins with them.
____

With internal censorship, leaders inevitably become Gods, and soon zealous sons betray their fathers and brothers in loyalty to the leader and their fake ideal. See for example the scene from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Man_in_the_High_Castle_(TV_series)[The Man in the High Castle] S04E06 in which the devoted Thomas Smith hands himself in to be killed after discovering that he has a disease, which is not acceptable in <<nazi,Nazi>> America: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SymuEg6NRp0

The famous https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Heine[Heinrich Heine] (German but from the 19th century, before the Nazis) saying also comes to mind:

____
Where they have burned books, they will end in burning human beings.
____

Do you not think that this translates well to the modern version:

____
Where they have deleted online posts, they will end in deleting human beings.
____

.Internal censorship is so strong, that many Chinese people who leave China to live abroad continue to believe that the CCP is always right, despite having access evidence that suggests otherwise. This <<rebel-pepper>> 2019-08 cartoon shows frogs coming out of a big well still remain inside their own small wells made up of Chinese media such as <<zhihu-purge,Zhihu>> and CCTV. It is a reference to the Chinese proverb https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%95%E5%BA%95%E4%B9%8B%E8%9B%99[井底之蛙] which means that a frog in the bottom of the well can only see a very limited portion of the sky. https://www.rfa.org/mandarin/biantailajiaomanhua/lj-08302019111414.html[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20190915124441im_/https://www.rfa.org/mandarin/biantailajiaomanhua/lj-08302019111414.html/1/@@images/82a29858-e5b4-4ae1-88ae-fa54737588e1.jpeg[height=500]

.<<nazi,Nazis>> burning books in Berlin in 1933. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazi_book_burnings[Source].
image::https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/1933-may-10-berlin-book-burning.JPG/603px-1933-may-10-berlin-book-burning.JPG[height=400]

.<<falun-gong>> books being destroyed with a https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_roller[road roller] in 1999 in China in an extremely low quality early Internet image. How far do you think mass jailings and torture would be? One wonders why they didn't burn the books though. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Destruction_d%27ouvrages_du_Falun_Gong_lors_de_la_r%C3%A9pression_de_1999_en_Chine.jpg[Source].
image::https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Destruction_d%27ouvrages_du_Falun_Gong_lors_de_la_r%C3%A9pression_de_1999_en_Chine.jpg[height=400]

[[jingjing-chacha]]
===== Jingjing and Chacha 警警察察

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jingjing_and_Chacha

Friendly looking mascots of Internet Censorship in China created by the Shenzhen Government in 2006.

https://youtu.be/ZB8ODpw_om8?t=583 "Roger Dingledine - The Tor Censorship Arms Race The Next Chapter - DEF CON 27 Conference" mentions that choosing friendly looking mascots for internet censorship is a comon practice in several dictatorships, so to suggest that they are just <<fear-of-west,protecting citizens>>, These show the cute UAE censorship page for example:

* Iran https://business.financialpost.com/technology/canadian-software-used-to-filter-internet-in-middle-east
* Quatar https://rankingdigitalrights.org/2019/06/12/arab-regions-telecommunications-companies-fail-to-respect-users-digital-rights/

The images were https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jingjing_and_Chacha&oldid=917408711[removed from Wikipedia] presumably due to fair use concerns, so Ciro asked how to check that at: https://webapps.stackexchange.com/questions/137977/how-to-check-why-a-fair-use-image-was-removed-from-wikipedia After understanding the case, Ciro https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jingjing_and_Chacha&oldid=936842199[reuploaded the images], hopefully for good.

.Jinjing (警警) is the male cop. https://web.archive.org/web/20070825092952/http://www.e-gov.org.cn/Article/news003/2006-01-02/15229.html[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20070825092952im_/http://www.e-gov.org.cn/Article/UploadFiles/200601/20060102092326277.jpg[height=400]

.Chacha (警警) is the female cop. https://web.archive.org/web/20070825092952/http://www.e-gov.org.cn/Article/news003/2006-01-02/15229.html[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20070825092952im_/http://www.e-gov.org.cn/Article/UploadFiles/200601/20060102092327204.jpg[height=400]

.Jingjing and Chacha picture shown on the street, presumably in China. https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/bnvy38/jingjing-and-chacha[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20200115110135if_/https://images.vice.com/vice/images/articles/meta/2012/03/06/jingjing-and-chacha-1413461637268.jpeg[height=400]

.Image with Jingjing and Chacha together and explanations (深圳网络警察,Shenzhen Network Police), good for copy pasting. TODO a bit small. https://www.reddit.com/r/Cyberpunk/comments/84vbut/cute_official_mascot_design_of_chinese_internet/[Source]
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20200115110425im_/https://i.redd.it/ns9jhaeel4m01.jpg[height=400]

.Beijing version of the Shenzhen-created Jingjing and Chacha. TODO what does it say on the images? On car "XX网络110" (XX Internet 110) so it must be the phone number of the Internet police department. At bottom right something like (联合新作, joint XX), so likely means it is a joint action between two departments. http://www.nbcnews.com/id/20477258/ns/technology_and_science-internet/t/beijing-police-launch-virtual-web-patrol/[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/save/_embed/http://media2.s-nbcnews.com/j/ap/bej10508281134.grid-6x2.jpg[height=400]

.Angry Chinese cop cartoons extracted from http://web.archive.org/web/20191209021646/http://encyclopediadramatica.rs/China[Encyclopedia Dramatica] with the racist subtitles removed. It is hard to be sure what is the original image that they were Photoshopped from, but they are very similar to the Beijing Jingjing and Chacha although this is not a direct copy paste of the above since several details differ. The image was uploaded in 2011 to ED. http://web.archive.org/web/20170525180028/https://encyclopediadramatica.rs/File:Preasetoshowpapers.jpg[Source].
image::{cirosantilli-media-base}Jingjing_Chacha_angry.jpg[height=400]

.The Qatar friendly censorship page likely from around 2011. China is not alone in this "cute censorship" technique. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Qatar_filtering_message._Qtel_network.jpg[Source].
image::https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Qatar_filtering_message._Qtel_network.jpg[height=600]

===== Western companies that sell censorship technology to dictatorships

To China:

* Cisco may have knowingly helped to build the Chinese internet censorship infrastructure in the 2000's
** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisco_Systems#Censorship_in_China
** https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2016/04/ciscos-latest-attempt-dodge-responsibility-facilitating-human-rights-abuses-export
*** https://www.eff.org/files/2016/01/12/113_second_amended_complaint_does_v._cisco_9.18.13.pdf they had a demo with a <<falun-gong>> module
** https://www.wired.com/2008/05/leaked-cisco-do/
*** Internal CISCO documents quote the Chinese Government saying: "The Golden Shield Project ... Combat Falun Gong evil religion and other hostiles"

To other dictatorships:

* 2019: IBM https://gizmodo.com/ibm-sells-face-recognition-surveillance-to-a-dictatorsh-1835101881
* 2017: Amesys France for facial recognition surveillance in Egypt: https://www.fidh.org/en/region/north-africa-middle-east/egypt/sale-of-surveillance-equipment-to-egypt-by-french-company-amesys
* 2011: Netsweeper Inc. from Canada to UAE
** claim: https://business.financialpost.com/technology/canadian-software-used-to-filter-internet-in-middle-east
* 2009: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forcepoint[Forcepoint], previously Websense
** claims on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forcepoint#Censorship

In 2019, the European Union was considering making stricter laws about cyber surveillance exports, to include more technologies that can be used either for Censorship or other non-evil applications (dual-use), <<what-should-western-countries-do-about-china,kudos to them>>:

* http://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/document.html?reference=EPRS_BRI%282016%29589832
* http://ec.europa.eu/trade/import-and-export-rules/export-from-eu/dual-use-controls/index_en.htm
* http://www.osborneclarke.com/insights/upcoming-changes-to-bring-cyber-surveillance-technology-within-eu-export-control-regime/
* http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/12/eu-plans-restrict-export-dual-spy-tech-171210061410639.html

.Cartoon showing how Amesys systems are used to suppress citizens in Egypt. Do you want the logo of your company to figure there instead? https://www.fidh.org/en/region/north-africa-middle-east/egypt/sale-of-surveillance-equipment-to-egypt-by-french-company-amesys[Source].
*mage::https://web.archive.org/save/_embed/https://www.fidh.org/local/cache-gd2/86/564727cb219a210145a0dd6a1b7561.jpg?1556188970[]

===== China has more freedom of speech than the USA!

When you hear that online, it really makes you wonder if those people believe it or are paid to say it.

Luckily, this is easy to verify: just create an online account on a Chinese website, and start posting about censored political subjects, and wait for your account to get banned.

Then create an account on an American website, and start posting about censored political subjects. The first good question is: what will you post about since no political subject is censored?

Here is one concrete and well documented example: <<zhihu-purge>>.

Or maybe why not go out on the street in China with a T-shirt with censored words and share some photos online? <<t-shirt>>.

[[t-shirt]]
====== What happens if you wear a T-shirt with censored words in China?

https://www.quora.com/What-would-happen-if-I-walked-around-Beijing-with-a-t-shirt-that-said-freedom-of-speech-is-pretty-great/answer/Ciro-Santilli See also: <<quora>>.

Some cases where that didn't end well for them:

* 2017 Li Xiaoling (李小玲) was arrested and released "on bail" for wearing a <<tiananmen,Tiananmen>> T-shirt: https://www.nchrd.org/2017/10/li-xiaoling/

.In 2016 activist Quan Ping (Kwon Pyong,权平,https://twitter.com/kwonpyong[BraveJohnny]) was sent to jail for wearing a <<nazi,Xitler>>/<<xi-jinping-memes,習包子/大撒币>> t-shirt in public and posting selfies online. This photo is in front of a Government building (TODO exact location, reports say he is from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jilin_City[Jilin City 吉林] transcription of the sign on top of building: 诚信立市 https://baike.baidu.com/item/工业强市[工业强市] 依法治...) https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/16/world/asia/china-xi-jinping-xitler-tshirt-kwon-pyong.html[New York Times coverage]. He was later sentenced and served 18 months in prison because of this: https://www.frontlinedefenders.org/en/profile/kwon-pyong[Front Line Defenders profile]. https://www.rfa.org/english/news/china/xi-jinping-tshirt-activist-confirmed-held-in-northeast-china-detention-center-12082016110338.html[Source].
image::https://web.archive.org/web/20170630212420im_/http://www.rfa.org/english/news/china/activist-11022016120902.html/china-xitler-nov22016.jpg/image[height=400]

.In 2009 activist Liu Shihui (刘士辉) was arrested for wearing a "One-party rule is a disaster" (一党独裁，遍地是灾) in 2009 in Guangzhou. This is a quote from a <<chinese-government-media,Xinhua News>> editorial https://chinadigitaltimes.net/chinese/1946/03/%E3%80%90%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E7%9A%84%E5%85%88%E5%A3%B0%E3%80%91%E4%B8%80%E5%85%9A%E7%8B%AC%E8%A3%81%EF%BC%8C%E9%81%8D%E5%9C%B0%E6%98%AF%E7%81%BE/[from the 1940s]. On the back was another quote by former president https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liu_Shaoqi[Liu Shaoqi (刘少奇)] "The CP [Communist Party] opposes the Kuomintang’s one-party dictatorship, but the CP will not establish a one-party dictatorship". He was later assaulted, spent 108 days in jail without a trial, and was forcefully sent back to his home town in Inner Mongolia: https://www.frontlinedefenders.org/en/case/case-history-liu-shihui[Front Line Defenders profile]. https://observers.france24.com/en/20090522-arrested-subversive-shirt[Source].
image::http://web.archive.org/web/20200309101601im_/http://scd.observers.france24.com/files/images/090521%20china%20I.preview.jpg[height=500]

==== Censorship monitoring

Projects that attempt to understand how the Great Firewall works and what it blocks:

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Websites_blocked_in_mainland_China
** https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/中华人民共和国被封锁网站列表
* http://greatfire.org/
** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GreatFire
** https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/自由微博
** https://freeweibo.com/ related project by the same organization, a Weibo archive it seems
** https://en.greatfire.org/blog/2013/nov/google-can-bring-end-censorship-10-days-heres-how made some noise at the time
** https://twitter.com/GreatFireChina
* other websites: http://meta.stackoverflow.com/questions/267715/is-stack-overflow-accessible-in-china/288497#288497
* Garry King Harvard papers:
** http://gking.harvard.edu/50c#
** http://gking.harvard.edu/publications/how-Censorship-China-Allows-Government-Criticism-Silences-Collective-Expression
** http://gking.harvard.edu/publications/randomized-experimental-study-censorship-china
* https://github.com/phoeagon/gfw-sim GFW emulation
* https://github.com/citizenlab/chat-censorship data on Censorship

It is also worth noting that as mentioned at: https://meta.stackoverflow.com/questions/267715/is-stack-overflow-accessible-in-china websites can become non-functional if CDNs they rely on are taken down, instead of the website being taken down itself.

==== gfwlist

https://github.com/gfwlist/gfwlist

Chinese people widely use this website list with browser extensions, so as to only use more expensive and risky censorship circunvention traffic when accessing certain webpages.

The result is a well maintained list of interesting websites. About half of which is porn.

Get the full list with:

....
base64 -d gfwlist.txt
....

See also:

* https://github.com/gfwlist/gfwlist/issues/3 "How to use this repo?"
* https://github.com/gfwlist/gfwlist/issues/1141 "Add categories tags to each entry"

==== Censorship circumvention

* https://www.bypasscensorship.org

[[fifty-cent-party]]
==== 50 Cent Party 五毛党

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/50_Cent_Party

* https://gking.harvard.edu/files/gking/files/50c.pdf "How the Chinese Government Fabricates Social Media Posts for Strategic Distraction, not Engaged Argument" by "Gary King, Jennifer Pan, Margaret E. Roberts" published on 2017-04-09
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yCnnPf2OnHo "Chinese Internet Trolls Get Paid 50 Cents For Every Comment" by "laowhy86" published on 2018-09-27

[[social-credit-system]]
=== Social Credit System 社会信用体系

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_Credit_System

* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dkw15LkZ_Kw "China’s "Social Credit System" Has Caused More Than Just Public Shaming (HBO)" by "VICE News" published on 2018-12-12
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0cGB8dCDf3c "A Look Inside China’s Social Credit System | NBC News Now" by "NBC News" published on 2019-06-04

[[belt-and-road-initiative]]
=== Belt and Road Initiative 一带一路

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belt_and_Road_Initiative

[[communist-youth-league]]
=== Communist Youth League of China 中国共产主义青年团

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Youth_League_of_China

Had a membership of 109 million (by the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th_National_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_China[17th National Congress]).

Such state sponsored youth organizations are a hallmark of <<dictatorship,dictatorships>>, and serve both as an indoctrination device, and as a selection tool for future politicians:

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hitler_Youth[Hitler Youth] was the <<nazi,Nazi Germany>> youth organization
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komsomol[Komsomol] was the Soviet youth organization

One may argue that https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Scout_Association[the scouts] are https://www.sundaypost.com/fp/creator-of-taggart-reveals-the-human-stories-behind-an-unlikely-and-unsettling-alliance-on-the-eve-of-wartherell-be-no-more-murders-tv-sleuth-writer-rules-out-comeback/[a similar organization in the West], but one notable difference is the scale of such dictatorship-led youth organizations.

Related news:

* 2020-02-19: https://supchina.com/2020/02/19/communist-youth-league-patriotic-idols/ "The Communist Youth League Thought It Was Creating Patriotic Idols. Instead, It Started A Conversation About Women's Rights". The anime-style mascots are named Jiangshanjiao 江山娇 and Hongqiman 红旗漫.

[[one-child-policy]]
=== One-child policy 一孩政策

TODO.

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-child_policy
* https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/一孩政策

[[music]]
== The best Chinese traditional instrumental music albums

Much like <<restaurants,real Chinese food>>, your mind will be blown.

The best approach is to start with the largest multi-artist anthologies available to get a general overview of what is there.

Then, you can start Googling by instrument. The main four instruments are undoubtedly:

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guqin[Guqin]
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipa[Pipa]
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guzheng[Guzheng]
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erhu[Erhu]

but there is also amazing content on others including:

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suona[Suona]. Sample: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ekqyC1CyfuI
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiao_(flute)[Xiao flute]

and there is of course the infinite Wikipedia instrument list: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Chinese_musical_instruments

Quality indicators:

* bad:
** Western instruments or modern digital effects
** on YouTube: "relax" videos with boring generic music.
+
They usually have some cute landscape scenes or overly produced good looking women as thumbnail.
+
Good video covers will show the musicians with their instruments, or Chinese traditional painting.
* good: single instrument solo. There are some good multi-instrument and songs as well though, but harder to find.

Due to the language and political barrier, Chinese traditional music distribution is unfortunately atrocious, so learn what an https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Recording_Code[ISRC] is and don't use BitTorrent which the Chinese call "BT".

If you find album cover pictures on Google images, the ISRC should be somewhere on the back.

[[music-free]]
=== Free

Here are the few best I've seen. Not enough to replace the non-free, but pretty good.

* https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLcZOZrP1P_V5J2P3ogZNpya0BAuPEgyuE my "Chinese Traditional Music YouTube playlist with all good music videos I found on YouTube. This will give you an initial idea.
** Notable longer videos
*** https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=35ZKN-H7at4 42 minute live Guqin presentation by Chen Leiji published  by "Asia Society" on Jan 23, 2018, recoded in New York, January 20, 2018.
** Channels
*** https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCltmf0pqjXyLtNsF2vek_wQ 自得琴社 Zi De Guqin Studio. Amazing production.
*** https://www.youtube.com/user/yukinachang/videos "SoundofChina Guzheng" channel with a lot of guzheng content!
** Good YouTube lists
*** https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qc0CzuA35y8&list=PLXPo1Bj1TYy73e8s99pyKfFD7iHqwigfN "Chinese" by "Ungern Sternberg"
* http://www.silkqin.com/06hear.htm John Thompson's Guqin website. Holy crap amazing list of Guqin pieces by the guy for MP3 download!
** Download all mp3: `wget -r -np -l 1 -A mp3 http://www.silkqin.com/06hear.htm`. Contacted John by email in 2019 telling him to put his stuff on YouTube and offering help.
** John focuses on playing the tunes in a "historically informed performance", in particular using silk strings rather that metal ones which are used by most modern artists: http://www.silkqin.com/08anal/hip.htm
* https://www.ibiblio.org/chinese-music/ several loose tracks for direct download. Not sure if legal, but has been up forever. The following sections are pretty good:
** https://www.ibiblio.org/chinese-music/html/traditional.html
** https://www.ibiblio.org/chinese-music/html/anthology.html#Dream music from the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dream_of_the_Red_Chamber_(1987_TV_series)link:++https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dream_of_the_Red_Chamber_(1987_TV_series)++["Dream of the Red Chamber" 1987 TV series]. Amazing!!!

[[music-not-free]]
=== Not-free

==== Master of Chinese Traditional Music

20-CD anthology.

ISRC of CD 1: CN-E01-04-450-00 / A.J6

Amazon link of CD 1: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B000QZSWQS (http://web.archive.org/web/20190817223837/https://www.amazon.com/dp/B000QZSWQS[archive])

Publisher: <<china-record-corporation>>.

Chinese information: http://web.archive.org/web/20190816092018/http://www.gyhj.org/read/179301/1/1